Soil treatment from phytophtoras in the fall: selection of drugs, instructions

A serious problem for any gardenerlate blight is a fungal disease affecting potatoes, tomatoes, cucumbers and even strawberries. A rich harvest is the dream of any gardener, both novice and seasoned. But often viral diseases affecting culture, cross out all the work. How to deal with late blight - one of the most dangerous diseases of many plants late blight?

What is phytophthora

The most common diseasescultivated plants include phytophthora, the very name of which is translated from Greek as “destructive, destructive”. It is caused by parasitic fungi that inhabit the underground and terrestrial organs of the plant, as well as in the soil. They cause decay and wilting tops.

The following symptoms will help to learn that the plant is sick:

• Brown spots appear on the leaves, which begin to grow at a high rate. On the stems, the disease manifests itself by the formation of brown spots of irregular shape.
• After a short time, a grayish bloom appears on the neoplasms - spores with which the fungus multiplies.
• 3-4 days after infection, the disease covers the whole plant and is transmitted to neighboring bushes.
• When dry weather leaves dry and die, when wet - rot.
• The affected fruits are covered with dark spots that quickly spread over the entire surface.

The fungus can infect plant tubers, especially potatoes. On them are formed spots that hide under a brown fabric.

Disease hazards

Late blight is a real disaster for any gardener for the following reasons:

• It spreads quickly. If you do not keep track of and destroy the affected plants in time, the disease will affect all crops and destroy the crop.
• Reproduction is carried out by zoosporangia - asexual spores that are very resistant to adverse environmental factors.
• Rainy summer is an ideal breeding ground for zoosporangia, which, once in the right environment for themselves, rapidly increase in quantity and affect the tissues of the crops.
• Disputes can not only survive on the affected planting material, but also overwinter in the soil.
• If tomatoes are showing signs of infection of the fruit, then the situation with potatoes is more difficult. It is possible, having dug a crop in the autumn, with horror to find out that he died.

Modern breeders are doing their bestto bring tomato and potato varieties resistant to late blight, but so far only relative results have been achieved: the disease in such varieties develops much more slowly. However, plants resistant to phytophthora still get sick.

Given these circumstances, gardeners need to make every effort to prevent contamination of crops. Autumn tillage from phytophtora will help this.

Fundamental rules

Первой стадией профилактики заболевания является digging up the site in the fall. It is very important to choose a dump digging - that is, turning the earthen coma. The depth of digging should be one spade bayonet.

It is necessary to follow the rules of agricultural engineering:not planting two seasons in a row potatoes or tomatoes on the same beds, the same applies to strawberries. For best results, beds can only be used after 3 years.

When planting, be sure to plant crops at some distance from each other. "Tightness" on the beds - one of the causes of the disease.

These simple recommendations should be followed, but annual soil tillage with special means is also needed to solve the problem.

Effective drugs

К числу популярных способов относится обработка soil blue vitriol in the fall. How to do it? The beds, which are planned for planting the nightshade next season, must be watered with a solution of 2-3%, then dig and process with a fungicide (Fitosporin-M, Ordan). To prepare the solution is simple: 2 spoons of vitriol are added to 10 liters of water.

Achievements of the chemical industry

В особо сложных случаях вышеперечисленные funds can be ineffective, therefore, soil treatment from late blight should be carried out in the fall using chemical preparations. There are several effective tools, information about which will be presented in the table.

The indicated drugs with proper and carefulthey are safe to use, but it should be remembered that work is carried out with poisons, so gloves and a cotton-gauze dressing must be worn in advance, and treatment should be carried out in closed clothing.

Application features

Soil cultivation from late blight should be carried out in the autumn according to the rules that are indicated in the instructions for a particular drug. The application of each of them has its own specifics:

• The Ordana solution should be prepared immediately before use. For soil treatment it is necessary to dilute 5 g of the drug per liter of water.
• “Acrobat MC”, “Ditan M 45”: 20 g of the substance per liter of water is taken to prepare the solution.
• “Hom”: dosage - 40 g per 10 liters of liquid.

The work of the gardener will be facilitated by the exact followinginstructions. It is very important to remember that while working with drugs you should not smoke, eat or drink. It is unacceptable to prepare a solution in a kitchen utensil.

After tomatoes

Tillage in the greenhouse after late blight of tomatoes can be done using the following drugs:

• Planzir.
• Baktofit.
• Alirin B.
• Trichodermin.
• Phytocide M.

These drugs are biologically active.fungicides - that is, means that destroy the fungus. They water the soil in the autumn after digging, in the spring the treatment is repeated. It is very important to moisten the earth abundantly so that water with fungicide penetrates to a depth of 10 cm - this is where the spores are.

Effective in the fight against late blight after tomatoes and Fitosporin-M, which is considered harmless to crops. To prepare a solution for the greenhouse, 6 ml of fungicide should be diluted in 10 liters of water.

It is very important to process the greenhouse itself - to rinseher solution of laundry soap, both inside and outside. Removing the topsoil, if possible, will not be superfluous. You can use the sulfur fumigation method: experienced gardeners who do not want to damage the soil using anti-late blight drugs do just that. For this, cuttings of sulfur or sulfur block are acquired. They use sulfur like this: to avoid fire, a metal sheet is placed on a basin with water, the sulfur mixture is laid out on it and set on fire. Consumption is quite economical: 1 kg of powder can be used in a room of 10 sq.m.

After potato

It is very important to pay due attention to processingsoil after late blight of potato. To do this, it is best to use the drug "Shine." One bag is poured into a jar of warm water with a capacity of ½ liter, after which it is mixed in 10 liters of water. On 5 sq.m. soil will need 1-2 buckets. “Fitosporin” will also be effective (for 10 liters of water 1 tbsp), which is harmless to crops. Soil treatment will help with Bordeaux liquid, which can be prepared independently in enameled or glassware, metal is not suitable for this purpose. How to do:

• In the first container in a liter of water, dissolve 300 g of copper sulfate.
• In a second container, 400 g of lime should be diluted in 2 liters of water.
• Add the required amount of cold water to each of the solutions to get 5 liters.
• Strain lime with gauze.
• Mix with a solution of vitriol.

The resulting liquid should have a beautifulblue. You can check it with a litmus strip (as a rule, it is attached to the purchased copper sulfate). The blue color indicates that everything is done correctly. If the litmus is colored red, then the proportions are violated, the proportion of lime should be increased.

Basic Errors

Consider the main mistakes that summer residents make when processing soil from fungus:

• Некоторые огородники полагают, что хлорсодержащие drugs are effective in combating late blight and moisturize beds with bleach profusely, but this is not so. It will not destroy the pest spores, but it will cause damage to the beneficial microflora of the soil. It is better to use the proven method - soil treatment with copper sulfate in the fall.
• Another common mistake is reluctancecarry out prophylaxis if infection was avoided in the past season. This is wrong, measures must also be taken in this case, because it is always easier to prevent infection than to fight the infection spreading at a fantastic pace.
• Having carefully treated the soil from late blightin the fall, some stop there. But you must also not forget about handling inventory. This can be done using a solution of potassium permanganate. If cords were used for gartering tomatoes in the greenhouse, it is also necessary to process them: place them in coils in metal buckets and put them in solution, wait half an hour.
• Autumn to destroy the tops outsidesite, especially if there have been cases of late blight. Some gardeners forget to do this, leaving the grass to rot on the beds as mulch.

Soil treatment from late blight will becomean excellent preventive measure that will help protect your crop from this dangerous disease. Therefore, do not neglect the advice suggested above.