Under the influence of external negative factorsbrick walls are gradually destroyed, it causes problems that arise indoors. The walls around the attic and the foundation particularly need protection, because they are constantly exposed to moisture and precipitation, which pass inward.
Over time, this leads to the appearance of fungus andmold, which has a negative impact on human health and condition of structures. As a primary method of protecting surfaces, waterproofing a brick wall outside can be distinguished. For this today there are a huge variety of materials that should be considered in more detail.
The need for protection
Brick is a porous material, so whenoperation in wet conditions, it is saturated with moisture, and inside begins a destructive process. The structure loses its integrity over time. To protect the structural elements from moisture, you can use waterproofing. These works are carried out in the area of the basement and external walls. Therefore, it is better to supplement the waterproofing of the brick wall from the outside with internal works. An integrated approach allows you to deal with the destruction of the entire period of operation.
Depending on the type of protection chosen, the algorithmwork may be different. Exterior waterproofing is usually performed with weldable materials, while inside the work is carried out with the help of coating agents. The main feature of such works is the preliminary preparation of the bases, which should be smooth and dense for a good fit of the waterproofing layer. Preparation can be carried out using lime-cement mortar plaster. However, you can use the finished mixture.
Penetrating formulations
Among professionals quite commonpenetrating waterproofing, which gives the structure additional properties. When finishing the wall, modifiers are added to the solution, which penetrate the material through the capillaries.
Among the advantages of such waterproofing a brick wall outside should be highlighted:
- low cost of materials;
- the ability to protect external and internal surfaces;
- high protection performance at the level of bitumen or film;
- a wide range of materials offered;
- maximum penetration deep into the structure.
To protect masonry from capillary suctionused method of restoring horizontal waterproofing - injection. This method is effective and widely used. For horizontal waterproofing of a brick wall by injection at the bottom of the structure, holes are made in two rows, where a special compound is injected. For these works, materials with low viscosity and long curing time are ideal. These mixtures fill the joints of the masonry and saturate the pores of the brick.
Considering penetrating waterproofing compounds,You can take a closer look at the composition of the Penetron. It is a dry mix of cement, quartz sand and chemical additives. "Penetron" is used to protect monolithic and prefabricated structures. With it, it is possible to improve the performance of water resistance, frost resistance and strength. The design after completion of the work acquires the ability to undergo impacts:
- sea water;
- groundwater;
- Wastewater;
- alkalis;
- acids.
Methods of work
For waterproofing you must followspecific algorithm. At its first stage, the surface is prepared and cleaned of residual solution and various contaminants. Further, the base is treated with a primer, which fills the pores and enhances the protection of the material from mold and fungus. The surface is re-moistened, which is dictated by the features of the brick.
Then you can start applying waterproofingwith a spatula or brush. The solution is kneaded and stacked according to the instructions. The thickness of the applied layer may vary depending on the composition. At the final stage, finishing is carried out. It may involve plastering the surface, but experts argue on this topic. Some believe that waterproofing should be applied to the finished finish, otherwise there may be condensate, fungus and mold.
Obmazochnaya waterproofing
Обмазочная гидроизоляция кирпичной стены снаружи involves the use of dry mixes, to which chemicals are added. After dissolution, they form a pasty consistency. When choosing a composition must be guided by the following factors:
- Simplicity in work;
- crack resistance;
- vapor permeability;
- water resistance;
- durability;
- practicality.
Methods of work on the application of coating waterproofing
Applying any waterproofing layerinvolves the need for surface preparation. It includes cleaning the base of dirt and dust, as well as the restoration of seams, if necessary. The walls are covered with plaster, and after a hard brush a waterproofing layer is applied, which allows to obtain a smooth surface. It is smoothed with a roller. At the final stage the finishing is carried out with facing material.
Waterproofing a brick wall outside from the rainquite often carried out with coating materials that have unique properties and proven quality. As an example, you can consider the product of German manufacturers, for example, Aquafin. This composition is suitable for a wide range of works. After the application process is completed, a day must pass in order for the material to become solid, then facing can be done. A week later, the wall is ready for water loads.
In order to eliminate the appearance of cracks onsurface, used polymer-mineral waterproofing, which is composed of an elasticizer. This additive provides elasticity to the hardened layer, and in everyday life such compounds are called rubber concrete. Apply the mixture with a stiff brush on a wetted surface, which allows to obtain a seamless coating overlapping cracks.
Use of built-up waterproofing
Waterproofing a house in a brick wall areacan be carried out by the deposited materials. This protection involves the use of roll materials that are attached to the base after thermal heating. The work is carried out according to the following technology: for a snug fit of the insulation, the surface is covered with plaster, and then primed with bitumen mastic, which ensures reliable adhesion. The strips are cut into individual webs of the desired length. After they are heated by a propane torch until bubbles appear on the material.
The insulation is glued to the surface.The strips must be attached without voids, so that the material does not lag behind the wall. Therefore, waterproofing is smoothed with a roller or by hand during installation, and problem areas are cut out to make for them separate lining. The strips are glued with an overlap, the width of which is the limit from 10 to 15 cm. It is necessary to remember about personal protective equipment, because the work is done with a hot material.
Use of horizontal waterproofing
Horizontal waterproofing excludespassage of water into the structure. It is represented by a layer that fits on a horizontal surface, and you can use a variety of materials for this. For brick walls suitable cement mortar or asphalt.
After erecting the masonry to the design mark inthe mixture is added sealing substances, with which is made a layer of mortar thickness up to 30 mm. When using asphalt, this parameter is 20 mm, and the first row of bricks is placed just on this layer of mortar. The waterproofing layer on the basis of rolled materials is laid on the leveled surface, and the surface of the web is coated with bitumen mastic. At the next stage, you can continue laying.
Okleechnaya waterproofing from the manufacturer "Technonikol"
Gluing waterproofing "Technonikol"It is made on the basis of bitumen, which is mixed with atactic polypropylene or styrene-butadiene styrene. These additives are modified polymers, which makes the material more durable and strong.
Gluing waterproofing "Technonikol" is createdalso using vulcanized rubber, polyethylene and thermoplastic. The latter is made of polyvinyl chloride and chlorinated polyethylene, which are heated before use, and the seams are sealed by welding or with solvents.
Ruberoid cost and some of its properties
Despite the appearance of all new materials forwaterproofing, roofing material, the price of which remains acceptable, everything is also relevant. Purchase this material from the manufacturer "TechnoNIKOL" can be for 15.2 rubles. per square meter. In this case we are talking about the variety of material RPP.
It is strong, light and soft, thereforefound its widespread use, but does not withstand low temperatures. Because of this, residents of the northern regions quite often refuse it. But for the horizontal waterproofing of a brick wall it is this material that fits between the masonry and the foundation.
Ruberoid, the price of which is acceptable compared tomany other modern solutions, made on the basis of cardboard, which is impregnated with soft oil bitumen. The coating is applied on both sides and is sometimes supplemented with fine-grained dressing.
