The Pompeian furnace appeared for the first time in the open spacesIberian Peninsula. Such constructions are also called Italian in another way. Installation has small dimensions, and it is extremely easy to manufacture. By means of such an oven, you will be able to cook not only pizza, but also any other food. However, it is necessary to be prepared for the fact that such an oven is not intended for heating the room. Such an installation can be performed by you yourself, but you need to be able to use a tool such as a trowel, as well as a Bulgarian.
Preparation of the solution
Each of us knows pizza, but bake ityou can at home, using a special oven. In order to independently erect the described construction, it is necessary to prepare a special mortar for masonry. It should be made viscous and plastic, but do not shut it with a significant amount of liquid, since it should not get liquid. In addition, the mixture should not crumble.
Parameters of the Italian oven
The Pompeian stove is heated with firewood, which is notemit carbon black and tar at the time of burning. Apply the wood of olive, alder or cherry wood, this will give the test a special flavor.
Pompeian stove should be made in the form of a dome witha bottom that has a diameter within 1 m. With regard to the height of the dome, this parameter should be equal to ½ of the diameter of the hearth, but this figure may be somewhat smaller, but this is true in the manufacture of the Neapolitan furnace.
The Pompeian furnace has a combustion chamber, an entrance to thewhich has a semicircular shape, its height should be equal to 60% of the height of the dome, but the chimney must be located in the front part, from the entrance side. Kindle the fire can and should be directly on the pode, at the wall, in the same place is placed pizza.
During operation, cold air currentspenetrate from below through the entrance, after their temperature rises from the burning firewood and rushes to the dome, where the air envelops it and evenly for a short time he warms the internal space, as well as the walls. After the air masses descend to the entrance and are removed from there into the chimney.
Features of the construction of the basement of the Pompeian furnace
The Pompeian furnace begins to line up, like everyone elsethe rest of the furnace, from the foundation. In his role, you can use a finished reinforced concrete slab. Preliminary it is necessary to dig a pit, put a pillow on its bottom, which is made of gravel. The thickness of the preparation should be about 30 cm. While the foundation parameters are limited to 190 x 190 x 20 cm. The stand should be mounted on its surface. This element of the furnace is necessary in order to raise the structure to a certain height, which will greatly simplify the work.
Stand construction
When the Pompeian oven is made byAt the stage of the stand formation it is necessary to use a brick, which can be replaced by concrete blocks. There is one more solution that will make it possible to make a stand. It involves the use of a steel corner. This component of the furnace is made in the form of a box in the shape of a square. The second purpose of this box is to store firewood in the internal hollow space. Then, in order to use the stand it was convenient, in its case it is necessary to provide for the opening.
Table manufacture
When the Pompeian oven is made byhands, it is necessary to supply the construction with a table, which is installed on the surface of the stand. The table should be strong and as level as possible, and in its base can be concrete reinforced with reinforcing cage. The thickness of this element should be about 20 cm. This table has two tasks, one of which is the need to withstand the weight of the structure, while the second is expressed in providing heat insulation of the hearth. It should be taken into account that the slab must be so strong that it weighs 600 kg, just such a mass, as a rule, has a structure. Thanks to this element, the heat will not go down.
Material preparation
In order to produce wood furnacesdescribed type, masters use chamotte brick, which has the qualities of increased heat resistance. It is this material that underlies the design. The solution is to be closed using several ingredients, among which are chamotte clay, sand and liquid. When closing, you need to apply the following proportion of clay and sand: 6: 4, otherwise the masonry will not be able to undergo a significant temperature, which occurs when the furnace, as a result, the design will certainly be covered with cracks.
Thus, for the construction of the furnace, it is necessary to prepare some materials and tools:
- clay;
- brick;
- level;
- cement;
- reinforcement;
- sand;
- capacity;
- shovel;
- Master OK;
- w / w stove;
- gravel.
Peculiarities of making a pizza oven
Wood furnaces of the type described are manufacturedby a certain technology, which must necessarily be adhered to, otherwise the design will not last for a long time. After all the above actions have been performed, you can start marking. These works assume an image on the surface of a pre-established table of a circle whose diameter is about 95-105 cm.
At the next stage you can start to shutting downsolution, since the work will involve the use of bricks. Products are placed along the outer edge of the circle. Use in this case it is necessary to prepare previously prepared brick cuttings. In the end, you should get a ring. At this stage, it is important to carry out the insulation work correctly, since this process acts as one of the main processes in the construction of the furnace. In the inner space of the ring should be laid or covered with heat-insulating material, which is often used as expanded clay, but if you wish, you can apply penoizol or glass battles. But this is not a complete list of materials that you can use as a heat insulator.
When a cooking oven is madepizza, it is necessary to apply and concrete at the stage of formation of the body of the structure. In order to match the table and ring, it is necessary to use concrete. Only after the surface can be ennobled with tiles, which can be based on artificial or natural stone.
Furnishing a hearth furnace
Then you can proceed to the formation of theconstruction, in the process of which the masters use heat-resistant bricks. However, it can not be used immediately, since previously the products must be cut in such a way that a circle turns out when laying.
Furnaces, brick, wood, of this type mustput out with the account that the slots should be smooth and the same, their width should not exceed 1 cm. Each of them must be filled well with a solution, and then carefully aligned. At the next stage, you can start forming the dome. It is necessary to determine the location of the entrance into which the frame is mounted. The basis of the latter can be steel, wood or polystyrene. These elements are necessary in order to make it convenient to generate the entrance of the furnace. In view of the fact that wood and polystyrene act as fire-hazardous materials, they must be disposed of after construction is completed.
There are also conventional wood-burning stoves, a drawingwhich are presented in the article, they can be used not only for cooking, but also for heating the home. But if you decide that you need a Pompeian stove, then the next step is to start laying the starting row of the dome. Use at the same time you need ½ brick, but the second row must fit in a checkerboard pattern. The following rows should be formed so that it is possible to form a slope to the central part of the furnace. This is done by means of brick wedges, the last of which can be a tree. If you are engaged in the manufacture of such a construction for the first time, you can simplify the work a little, for this you should use a special template. It can be made of foam, and it should be installed in the central part of the furnace. If there is an inflatable ball, then you can use it as a template. After all has dried, you can get rid of foreign objects.
At the same time, it is necessary to equip the entrance and the chimney.The latter is done from the outside, and it can be based on the same brick or steel sandwich tube. Its height should be 2 m or more. As for the diameter, it is necessary to adhere to the indicator in the range from 150 to 200 mm.
Insulation work
After the installation of the wood-burning stovecompleted, and the mixture is dried in its base, you can begin to use the thermal insulation, which covers the roof of the furnace. In the role of insulator it is necessary to use mineral fiber, while the next layer is cement based plaster. It is possible to replace the described works by the method of applying plaster made of cement mixed with perlite. It is recommended to use the ratio 1: 5.
Recommendations of a specialist
Wood furnaces, prices for which canvary within 80 000 rubles, can not be performed without using a tile cutter, but if there is a need to increase the speed of cutting a brick, then it is preferable to use a grinder with a diamond disc. To adjust the brick to its place, you should use a rubber hammer, and the correctness of its position will be determined by the construction level.
