Pyrolysis furnaces in their work use the principle ofburning with a lack of oxygen with the release of the so-called wood, or generator gas. It consists of fifty percent of nitrogen and the same amount of a mixture of carbon monoxide, hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane.
Many enterprises specializing inproduction of heating boilers and furnaces, produce such devices. The principle of their action is almost the same in any design. Now a layer of talcchlorite is pressed into their body. This environmentally friendly mineral has a high specific heat capacity. It accumulates heat, which then slowly gives up, increasing thermal inertia.
New in the device
The pyrolysis furnace consists of two compartments.The internal separation of the cylindrical furnace is built into the outer shell. In the space between them, air ducts for heat removal are installed. The pyrolysis furnace is equipped with an inflatable fan, which is controlled by a wall thermostat. This allows you to keep the temperature in the rooms within the required limits.
In a pyrelysis furnace "Bureland" convective pipesprotect the thin shell from thermal shock. In more modern designs, the body is made thicker, resistant to these impacts. New devices of this type have a chimney made of corrosion-resistant sheet steel with special heat-resistant insulation "Corundum", which greatly simplifies the complex chimney. The latter is equipped with a condensate collector and a removable flange for cleaning. Under the flange there is a condensate drain cock. This device is loaded only twice a day. At the same time, firewood does not burn, but smolder. It develops efficiency up to 70%.
Pyrolysis oven - the principle of the device
In any pyrolysis furnace the process of burning wood takes place in its two compartments. In one, gas is released, and in the other, it burns out. There are no gas burners in them.
The process of their work is as follows.Firewood is placed in the fuel chamber. They must be dry. Pyrolysis oven can work on fresh firewood, only much worse. Kindle logs. The door of the combustion chamber is tightly closed. After that, the fan-exhauster is activated, which creates a vacuum inside the housing. Due to this, oxygen flows through the diaphragm to the combustion chamber from the outside. As a result, the gasification process begins. The resulting gas with the help of a fan-exhaust fan enters the lower compartment, faced with fireclay bricks, and burns there, giving off the heat to the water pipes. The combustion temperature of the wood gas is quite high and reaches 1250 ° C.
The power of the heat generator is regulated by the inclusionand turn off the fan-exhauster. Such a device, operating on the principle of burning wood gas, is not autonomous. An electric current is needed to operate the fan. In case of its disconnection it is possible to install diesel burners. Despite all the difficulties, these devices have a higher efficiency than conventional furnaces. There are few combustion products left in it. Its combustion chamber is usually larger than that of a conventional one. The combustion process in it is sufficiently controlled.
There is another direction - Kuznetsov's furnace.The concept of this device is to get maximum heat from the fuel and use it to heat the room with the greatest efficiency. In them, the movement of heated gases is not forced, but in a natural way in accordance with the laws of physics. It uses a special device - caps, which allow it to be done.
