В настоящее время очистить сточные воды довольно simply. If 15 years ago there was no such possibility, then today it is. A very popular solution is the development of the domestic company Topol-eco - the Topas septic tank. Negative reviews, of course, are present, but they are much smaller than positive ones. Let's take a closer look at this issue and decide on all the important nuances, and there are a lot of them here, believe me.
On the principle of septic
First you need to figure out howThe described system works. A septic tank is a system containing microorganisms (anaerobic bacteria) that are directly involved in cleaning. It turns out that under the action of these bacteria, organic compounds disintegrate, and also they are degreased and processed.
At the first stage, the drains enter the installationthe chamber where the main stage of cleaning is carried out. Here large contaminants are removed, and then through the airlift the water goes to the main compartment of such a structure as the Septic septic tank. Negative reviews for the most part refer to this particular stage of purification. The aeration tank contains all the active bacteria that destroy all the contaminants that got here after the initial cleaning. Some consumers say that at this stage cleaning is not always of high quality. Most likely, this is a single marriage, and you need to contact the company for help.
После вышеописанных этапов очистки образуется ил.It is removed in the 3rd sector under the name of "pyramid", it is also a sump. The principle of operation is that the pollution settles to the bottom, and clean water passes on. With some periodicity it is necessary to remove the silt from the bottom. If you use a septic tank in the country, then it is quite suitable as a fertilizer. And now let's go ahead and consider another very important point.
Septic tanks for giving: consumer reviews and professional advice
Before you make a purchase, you mustfamiliarize yourself with what ordinary people think. Most say that the septic tank should be quite roomy. For example, if there are 3 people in your family, then it is better to buy with a small margin, for example, for 4 residents. In any case, a small stock will not be superfluous. Many professionals point out that the main advantage of the “Topas” septic tank lies in its non-volatility, but this concerns far from all models. Simply put, the device does not need to be connected to the network. You can install the unit at the cottage and forget about its existence altogether. It is only necessary to periodically clean it from sludge. Another indisputable advantage of septic tanks is that they are high-performance units that operate with an efficiency of more than 90%.
Quite a lot of attention was paid to Topol-Eco.compactness of the product. This is indicated by many consumers. In principle, the most popular septic tanks for dacha, reviews of which we have reviewed, are distinguished by good ergonomics. Many would say that dimensions do not matter in this case, since the system is located underground, but this is somewhat wrong. With small dimensions, you can make the installation yourself, although in most cases it is advisable to use the services of the company where the purchase was made. In general, it can be said that about 70% of the responses are positive, respectively, 30% - about the septic tank "Tapas" negative feedback. The latter often include poor build quality and marriage.
Technical characteristics of septic tanks "Topas"
Immediately I would like to say that to chooseseptic tank from this manufacturer is very convenient. This is due to the fact that a special label is introduced. For example, “Topas-8” serves a family of 8 people, and “Topas-5” - out of 5. The cleaning performance is one of the main technical characteristics. In our case, regardless of the model, the efficiency is about 99%. It is unlikely to achieve better results. What else differs this equipment is the fact that the principle of operation of the septic tank “Topaz” allows to reduce the dimensions of the structure slightly. This was achieved thanks to the successful location of the compartments. For a good example, you can imagine an average two-chamber refrigerator, about the same size as the "Topas-5". In principle, you can install such a device yourself.
Most modern septic tanks consumequite a lot of electricity. But this concerns those models that connect to the network. So, modern technologies and an automated principle of operation of the septic tank allowed to reduce electricity consumption by about 15-25%. In addition, manufacturers managed to almost completely get rid of the noise. But what pleases ordinary consumers most of all is that there are no special requirements for operation, the same goes for equipment maintenance. Since the ruler is very monotonous and implies only a change in volume, there should be no problems with the choice. Moreover, all models have a robust plastic case that is resistant to mechanical damage.
Site preparation and installation of a Septic septic tank
Before proceeding with the installation of the system,need to correctly prepare the place. This is done as follows. First, you need to move at least 5 meters from the foundation of the house. Secondly, the size of the pit should be determined by a septic tank model, sometimes a small margin is needed. At the final stage, formwork is performed. It can be made of plywood, although the best of the boards, due to increased strength. After all this, you can go directly to the installation work.
First we need some sand.We need this building material to create a sand pillow. Its height must be at least 15 centimeters, therefore, the septic tank will “look out” 15 cm out of the ground. It is necessary for normal and comfortable equipment maintenance. Moreover, if the aeration system is level with the ground or lower, it may be flooded during the melting of the snow, which will lead to breakage. If you are doing the installation work yourself, then use the ropes. They are threaded through stiffeners in the housing, and the installation of a Septic septic tank in this case will not be a problem. Remember that it is necessary to choose a model of a sewage treatment plant based on the groundwater level. If they are shallow, then it is advisable to choose a septic tank with forced drainage, and if it is deep, then with free drainage of purified water. But this work does not end there, because the main difficulties are still ahead. Let's talk about it.
Sewage installation and sealing
To properly organize the outflow, you mustfollow a few simple rules. One of them is to use HDPE pipes, and not any others. As for the diameter, it can be different: from 50 to 130 millimeters. Insert into the septic tank is carried out about 70 cm under the ground. There are so-called “long” models, where the tie-in is performed at the level of 120 cm underground. Another important detail is the choice of slope, which depends on the diameter of the selected pipe. So, if it is 50 millimeters, then the slope should be at least 3 cm per meter, if 100, then not less than 2 cm. In principle, the smaller the diameter, the greater the slope.
Next you need to seal the septic tank."Topas". Negative reviews quite often relate to the fact that this operation was performed incorrectly. It is difficult to call it the fault of the manufacturer, rather, the negligence of the masters who carried out the installation. That is why it is advisable to save a little and do everything yourself and conscientiously. Before proceeding with the sealing, professionals recommend aligning the unit with a building level. After that, drill 2 holes in the septic tank housing for sewer pipes, then the nozzle is inserted and soldered to the polypropylene cord. The latter should be included. In any case, read the installation instructions several times and do everything as it is written there.
Connection to the network and the normalization of pressure
Since most high-performanceseptic tanks operate on electricity, which is caused by the need to force the discharge of purified water into the ground, it is necessary to properly connect. It's all quite simple. First, you need to find the UPU cable with a cross section of 3 x 1.5 mm. Secondly, you need a corrugated pipe. All that is required of you - is to lay the corrugation near the sewer pipe. To connect the cable, use the usual terminals, and to connect to the switchboard, you need a separate machine 6-16A. In principle, it is not a big problem to connect the “Topaz” septic tank with your own hands, and even a novice will cope with this task.
The final stage is the normalization of pressure.soil on the body of the unit. In simple terms, the installation must be properly filled with earth. What is important here is to maintain uniformity. It is necessary to fill the station with water and at the same time fill it with soil. Most professionals recommend doing the following. Fill the septic tank with water at 25-30%, and then bury it to the appropriate depth so that the level of the carrier approximately coincides with the level of the soil. This must be done until the septic tank is completely underground. As a result, you will be able to compensate for the pressure on the case and avoid mechanical damage.
Features of operation in the winter
There is a fairly common myth thatthat it is impossible to use a septic tank for seasonal residence (cottage, country house). These allegations are completely groundless. Now you will understand why. The fact is that most of the autonomous sewer systems are designed to work in extreme conditions. That is, at low temperatures of soil and air. For example, ski resorts and polar stations also have sewers, and you will agree, it is autonomous in any case. So do not worry, septic "Topaz" in the winter can be used without any problems, do not worry about this. Nevertheless, a number of important rules must be followed. One of them is conservation, which we will talk about a little later.
Conservation is necessary when you do notgoing to use the device all winter. Of course, in some cases, this procedure is mandatory, but if you visit the house at least once a month, you can leave the septic tank working. In this case, every 2 weeks it is desirable to turn on the equipment, although it is better not to turn it off at all. In principle, you are unlikely to go broke because of 150 rubles a month for electricity.
About conservation for the winter
Approximately 70% of consumers prefer to turn offthe septic tank for the winter period. You can do this as follows. The very first thing is to disconnect the unit from the network, and then take out the air compressor and carry out dismantling works of the pump to release purified water (with forced discharge). Please note that the correct preservation of the "Topas" septic tank for the winter does not imply pumping water. Its level should fluctuate at the level of 80%. Most do the opposite, pumping out all the media, which significantly increases the pressure of the soil on the hull and can lead to sad consequences. You can not be afraid that the water will freeze, it is simply impossible, because the temperature in the chamber is positive and does not depend on the air temperature. If you still have doubts, you can put a couple of sheets of foam between the stone and the upper lid of the septic tank. The latter, as you know, is a good heater.
If you do everything as written above, thenproblems you will not have. Remember that the conservation of the "Topas" septic tank for the winter is required if you rarely use the sewage system. This is due to the fact that in the absence of organic substances, most of the bacteria die in about a month, as a result of which the degree of purification drops sharply, and you definitely will not receive the promised 99%. But since microorganisms self-form when they enter sewage, it is necessary to include an autonomous system at least once every two weeks. In principle, you can use purchased bacteria or pour a little kefir into the chamber, which will speed up their reproduction.
A few important points
As you can see, the maintenance of the Septic septic tank is veryeven simple. It takes very little time from you. Once a year an automatic cleaning of the “Topaz” septic tank is carried out with the help of a pump that collects sludge accumulated at the bottom. In any case, always use the instructions. For example, conservation must be carried out in strict sequence, and any failures will lead to the fact that next year it will not be necessary to maintain the Septic tank “Topas”, but its complex repair, which is not cheap. Many people forget that most manufacturers strongly recommend conservation after the temperature drops below 0 degrees Celsius. This is due to the banal freezing of the ground and the fall of the groundwater level. Now you know how to properly preserve the Topas septic tank. The manufacturer gives a pretty good instruction, which is always attached. But this does not mean that you have to do everything yourself, as you can always ask for help from specialists.
Conclusion
Here we are and talked about how to performcleaning the septic tank "Topas", its preservation and operation in the cold season. In fact, there is nothing difficult, but it is necessary to comply with all the requirements of the manufacturer. It is safe to say that the operation of the septic tank will not be a problem only when you do everything right. And for this it is not at all necessary to constantly call the masters; it is enough to re-read the passport of the product several times.
В данной статье не был затронут вопрос стоимости such equipment as septic tank "Topas". The price is different and depends on the performance of the unit. So "Topas-5", designed to serve 3-5 people, will cost about 60-70 thousand rubles. But the model for a family of 8 people will cost at least 80 thousand. The largest septic tanks, such as “Topaz-20” used for industrial needs, have a cost of at least 190,000 rubles. But it is unlikely that you need such an autonomous sewage to the dacha. Here, in principle, and all on this topic. Do not forget about the timely maintenance of equipment, as well as properly executed conservation, and you will be happy. Of course, the manufacturer also has defective products, which is why the company receives negative reviews. If you stumble on this, you need to change the warranty, with this, as a rule, no problems.
