Until recently, it was thought thatproduction can be organized only by large players in a segment of a certain sphere who have considerable capital. To date, the situation has changed radically, which allows you to open your own business with minimal investment. In this respect, the production of bakery products is not only one of the most salable enterprises, but also affordable for the organization. And yet, to understand how to open a bakery from scratch, you need to know certain subtleties of this area, as well as take into account technological and legal nuances. In the case of a competent calculation, the established enterprise will generate high income, requiring minimal efforts to maintain the business.
Registration Questions
As in any industry, open a businessIt is necessary to register with the relevant authorities. But first of all it is necessary to determine the legal status of the enterprise. It is advisable for a bakery to choose an individual enterprise (individual entrepreneurship), but it is important that its category allows it to engage in restaurant activities, which include the production of bakery products. If you expand the category and the possibility of retail, you can safely think about how to open a cafe-bakery from scratch and expand it in the future as a network of points of sale. This is the best option if the business will be managed by one person without partners. However, if a large enterprise is planned with the participation of several people, then it is better to issue an LLC.
Tax system
Далее стоит приступать к выбору формы taxation. If possible, it is better to prefer UTII. This tax format is provided by municipalities and can be applied to all types of activities stipulated in the laws of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Since UTII may not be available, it is worthwhile to immediately consider the possibility of working with the tax system of the simplified tax system, which can be used by all enterprises with an annual turnover of no more than 60 million rubles.
How to choose a room for the bakery?
Own bakery is desirable to focus onretail sales opportunity. The fact is that the supply of catering establishments is not always profitable for small industries, as they have to compete with larger organizations. Therefore, it makes sense to think about how to open a bakery from scratch in a passage that is accessible to the maximum number of people. Ideally, this could be a room near the metro, markets, as well as entertainment and shopping centers. But it should be borne in mind that the cost of renting such facilities will be higher. If long-term work is planned, then it is better to stipulate in advance the possibility of buying out the premises. At the same time, it is not worth buying it right away. No less important is the area of the room for the bakery. On average, private institutions have 150-200 m2. This is enough so that you can organize both the production department and the zone itself for a cafe or shop.
SES requirements for the room
The main difficulty of the organization of productionfood is that they are subject to high requirements of supervisory authorities. To enter this business, it is not enough to know how to open a bakery from scratch by providing premises with special equipment and furniture. You can start work only if the object meets the requirements of the sanitary-epidemiological service:
- The bakery can not be located in the basement.
- There must be a supply of hot and cold water.
- The presence of sewage is required.
- Be sure to have a ventilation system.
- The list of available outbuildings should include a toilet and a warehouse.
In addition, the sanitary and epidemiological service infurther performs inspections of the production process, making up their findings. Only a complete set of permits will finally resolve all questions on how to open a bakery from scratch. Documents authorizing this activity include the following conclusions:
- Conclusion on the production, which can be issued in Rospotrebnadzor. However, it requires satisfactory examination results.
- Conclusion on manufactured products. Registration is made in the same way.
- Certificate of conformity. It is also obtained on the basis of inspections at the Federal Agency for Metrology.
Process Equipment
There are various approaches to technicalproviding industrial premises for the manufacture of bakery products. The list of equipment may vary, but if there is a question about how to open your own bakery-confectionery from scratch, allowing you to produce a full range of products in this category, you should consider the following:
- Kneading installation.
- Mukoproseivatel.
- Testorakatyvatel
- Bake.
- Table for work with dough.
- Proofer cabinet.
- Trolleys for baking.
The first time is limited toequipment, purchasing one copy of each species. In the future, based on work experience and sales success, it will be possible to purchase some units of equipment for the production of bakery products in large volumes.
Equipment for trade purposes
This category of technical equipment is oftenregarded as secondary. Usually it is of such importance if the enterprise mainly focuses on wholesale sales - for example, when supplying other stores and catering establishments. However, the majority of private entrepreneurs, in deciding how to open a bakery-pastry shop from scratch, rely on retail sales. In such cases, it is necessary to provide commercial space with the following equipment:
- Special display for bakery and confectionery products.
- Cash register, for which you also need to register with the tax.
- Safes for storing money and documents.
- Trolleys and mobile boxes to move products.
- Racks for storage of manufactured products.
Bakery staff
All service personnelbakeries can be divided into several groups according to their type of activity. It is worth starting with the main figure of any bakery production - this is a technologist. It determines what will be the products and in part the range of the enterprise. This is followed by the working staff, which includes bakers. Their number in a small institution can be 4-6 people. Again, if the question of how to open a bakery from scratch for retail is decided, then waiters will also be required. The role of an accountant is also quite significant. Large organizations to ensure its functions enter into an agreement with an outsourcing company, but in a small bakery it is more economical to hire your own accountant. Also technical personnel who will be engaged in adjustment of the equipment, its repair and, probably, to solve other related tasks is obligatory.
How to build an assortment?
Despite the apparent ease of this issue, fromit largely depends on the success of the business. Think over the range should be before the start of the search room. What products should be produced in a particular case will depend on the location, technical equipment and capabilities of the bakery as a whole. Of course, the wider the range, the better. But this is not always possible, and specialization in specific products often also brings considerable income. Win-win is an orientation to the requests of potential customers. For example, if we are talking about how to open a mini-bakery from scratch in the village, the assortment may include a basic set of products in the form of 2-3 types of bread, buns, cheesecakes, donuts, loaves and pies.
In the city, the same list can be limited tometro areas and markets where it is important for people to have a quick snack without any special culinary delights. However, if a bakery with a shop is located near large shopping centers, parks or entertainment complexes, then the range should include cakes, biscuits, cakes, croissants, baguettes, and always with a wide selection of toppings.
How to open a mini-bakery from scratch?
The peculiarity of the mini-bakery is thatA minimum set of equipment is used, allowing to produce products for retail sales. This is the best solution if financial resources are limited and production is planned in a small room.
In response to the question of what is needed toopen a bakery from scratch in this format, it is worth noting the feasibility of organizing production with an incomplete cycle. Such an approach to technical support saves money on the purchase of dough-mixing equipment. In addition, the process of working with ready-made dough does not require a large area, which makes it possible to use small rooms. The main production operations will consist in baking products.
Raw materials for production
To begin with, it is important to note that the productionbakery products excludes storage of the original products "in reserve". By the way, the same applies to the finished product, as it quickly deteriorates and loses commercial quality. Initially, when deciding how to open a bakery from scratch, it is important to consider a clear supply system with the further use of raw materials without delay. It is recommended to choose large plants. So, mills will provide the main ingredients for the dough. In addition to flour, yeast, sugar, salt, butter and other ingredients are required. The choice of stabilizers, thickeners and various food additives should be approached carefully - their number should be minimal. It is advisable to focus on natural products. In the long term, customers will appreciate the quality of products, and it will be a good advantage over competitors.
Conclusion
With all the difficulties of organizing productionbakery and confectionery products in this line of business is one of the most profitable. This is facilitated by relatively low prices for raw materials used, and the fact that products of this category are always in demand among the population. However, such favorable operating conditions quite naturally contributed to the formation of fierce competition.
