Operation of residential, public andproduction facilities today is impossible without adequate provision of engineering systems. They are required not only for the organization of comfortable life of people, but also as a means of ensuring safety and optimal sanitary and hygienic conditions. Therefore, immediately after the completion of construction work, the installation of engineering systems is carried out in accordance with the requirements of the previously prepared project. Such activities involve a huge range of technical operations related to the processing of materials and structures, installation of equipment, installation of communication networks, etc.
Features of installation work
The engineering infrastructure of the building is differentcomplexity, responsibility and complexity of technological execution. Under the complexity refers to the mutual connection of several types of networks. For example, lines of pipelines that provide gas and water can run in parallel, but in the same mine. Accordingly, during installation or reconstruction it will be impossible to touch one circuit without interfering with the structure of the adjacent network. The same goes for power systems and telecommunications. In terms of responsibility, the installation of engineering systems for buildings will certainly determine the degree of reliability of public utilities, as well as the level of security at home. The same gas wiring is one of the most dangerous networks in engineering support, therefore, it is subject to increased requirements in terms of explosion and fire safety. There are also features in the form of complexity and multi-stage execution of the installation. This is especially noticeable in the examples of modern engineering equipment provided by modern means of automatic control and protection.
Requirements for work activities
Different systems have their own requirements.affecting the same issues of fire safety, technical reliability, environmental cleanliness, etc. Special standards are being developed for the placement of equipment. For example, depending on the capacity, boiler and gas installations can be located either in separate rooms or in a private house along with other engineering equipment. Requirements for ventilating channels for placing intake points, volumes of flow exchange, throughput, etc. Again, requirements may overlap - for example, ventilation shafts must be present in rooms with boiler rooms, gas and boiler installations. Separate requirements exist for electrical engineering systems. Installation of networks and equipment of this type should be carried out using appropriate insulators, means of grounding and grounding, fuses and stabilizers.
Project development
Design works are performed on the basis of receivedbaseline data for a specific building or structure. Its characteristics are taken into account, according to which the list of technical and design requirements for networks, equipment and additional components is determined. It is important to bear in mind that the design and installation of engineering systems are interrelated activities that can complement each other. For example, there is a practice in accordance with which installers already give designers information about the best solutions for laying out or placing communications. Anyway, at the output the design solution should provide the working team with complete information about the methods, means and methods of solving the task.
Types of jobs
Works can be classified by purpose.the engineering system, the type and nature of the technical operation, the venue of the events, etc. With regard to the purpose of the systems, we can distinguish the laying of gas, water, electrical and climate communications. In addition, the installation of engineering systems of structures that are of a purely technological nature of operation, can be oriented solely to ensure the mechanics of the action of the working units and units of the production type.
The most common type of technicaloperations during the installation of engineering is the laying of communications - pipes, wiring, ventilation shafts, power cables, etc. But minor work on drilling, strobing, assembling and disassembling structures is also common. For example, the installation of internal engineering systems of buildings is rarely without intervention in the construction of walls and partitions. Whether it is electrical engineering or plumbing equipment, it is often necessary to create holes for laying the same communications. External work is mainly related to the organization of overhead supply lines or underground utility lines.
Performing assembly operations
The work may involve special equipment, butmost often, installation crews manage with manual power tools, compressors, plumbing kits and, of course, a wide range of consumables. The installation process can be divided into several stages - directly laying communications, installing target equipment, connecting and commissioning. For example, the installation of an engineering cleaning system will, above all, imply the laying of channels for the disposal of household waste. Next, a septic tank or other equipment for cleaning and filtering is installed at the site near the house. Engineers connect a channel of a withdrawal of waste to a septic tank, and then organize release from a septic tank to the central sewer system.
Conclusion
Implementation of the engineering system project requiresintegrated approach. Much in the organization of installation activities will depend on its characteristics and parameters of the working equipment. In some cases, installation of engineering systems can be done by hand. For example, many domestic craftsmen cope with the organization of electrical engineering or the laying of individual sections of plumbing. However, large-scale gas supply projects or an industrial climate infrastructure at a production facility are dealt with exclusively by professional groups of specialists.
