Ignition cables, high-voltage: assignment, operation

In the device of a modern car is notthere are little things. Any element, even the smallest, always has its own, special meaning. Parts and components that are complex in their design are even more important. One example is high-voltage ignition wires. It seems something insignificant. In fact, it is not. Let's talk about them.

High-voltage wires: what is it?

Main function and task of the BB wires in the deviceA car is the transportation of high voltage discharges that come from the coils to the candles. The power and strength of this current are quite high. Indicators can reach 50 kV.

Ignition wires are high-voltagesimilar to ordinary electrical wiring, which is in each apartment. At the heart of the cord is a copper conductor, consisting of a huge number of thin wires. On top of this copper conductor is an insulator and a core. Elements are additionally coated with silicone or rubber insulation. Wires on the plugs at the ends have contacts. The latter are reliably protected from environmental exposure by special protective caps. These elements must perform their tasks qualitatively, regardless of external factors. That is why the simple thing is so complicated. These elements can be divided into two types - regular and special.

Ordinary wires

Such products are characterized by the presence of metalcentral conductor. BB-wire from above is covered with insulating material based on rubber, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride. Also over the insulator there is an additional shell. It is necessary to protect the product from the effects of fuels and lubricants. Such high-voltage ignition wires have low resistance.

It is not more than 18-19 ohms.As for the other characteristics, a conventional wire is able to withstand voltages up to 15-25 kV. For normal operation, such a wire must be equipped with resistors, the task of which is to suppress noise.

Special wire: features

They have a more complex device and differdistributed parameters that perform the function of interference suppression. The wire is a metal conductor and braid, which are made from a variety of materials. It can be flax, cotton, nylon. Braid impregnated with graphite, ferroplast, manganese-nickel or zinc mixture. Special wire has better elasticity even at extremely low temperatures. BB-wire of this quality withstands very serious excesses, is not subject to overheating, does not dampen. At the ends of such products there are contacts connected by soldering or crimping and protective caps. The latter are designed to protect the ends of the wires and prevent leakage current.

Symptoms of a malfunction

High-voltage ignition wires, like otherparts in the car may fail. Consider the typical signs that talk about faults. So, problems with wires can be reported by the start of the motor - the start will be problematic.

More often, difficulties with this occur in wet weather.Also, the failure of the wires say the engine malfunctions in the range of medium-high revs. If the central wire is damaged, the engine will stall. Reduced engine power, fuel consumption increases. The “Check Engine” light on the dashboard lights up.

Causes of malfunctions

Over time, the wires wear out slowly.The insulator is covered with microscopic cracks if it is made of rubber or silicone. The reason for this are only temperature drops in the engine compartment. Due to the large number of cracks, the insulator can no longer prevent current leakage. As a result, the candle does not have enough power to create a spark. If the portions of energy are small, the voltage will fall.

When there is no momentum coming to the candle,increases the time of formation of the spark. If dirt has accumulated on the wires and caps, it increases the conductivity of the insulation, and the leakage from this will only increase. At the time of leakage, the resistance of high-voltage ignition wires increases. Such faults also occur due to the oxidation of contacts - protective caps are depressurized, damaged, frayed. At low temperatures, the explosive wire loses its elasticity and becomes rigid. Significantly increases the risk of damage to caps and insulation. Due to the constant vibrations that accompany the work of the motor, the junction points can loosen. Candle caps are more likely to suffer from high temperatures.

Diagnostics

If isolation is broken, it can be heard - willaudible clicks are heard. It can also be seen visually. If you look under the hood at night, then a spark is visible in the leaks. Sometimes there is a glow around the elements of the ignition system due to high humidity, before thunderstorms, or when serious current leaks. Checking the high-voltage ignition wires can be performed by monitoring the energy of the plugs. How it's done?

For this purpose, special wires are attached to the BB-wires.discharger. Starter at this time scrolls the crankshaft. If there are leakage currents or there is a large resistance in the secondary circuit, then a white and thin spark appears. It is worth remembering that in vehicles where a catalyst is installed, the fuel supply should be turned off. The discharger consists of two electrodes in a well-insulated housing. The gap between them must be at least 7 mm. If you firmly fasten the lugs of the wire at a distance from the metal body of the motor, thus you can simulate the work of the spark gap. Also carry out diagnostics using a multimeter. The device is set to measure resistance. Depending on the model of the measuring device, the readings differ. The range from 3 to 10 kΩ is important for diagnosis. If the multimeter does not show resistance, then the wire is damaged and needs to be replaced.

Choice and purchase

It is important to choose the right wires.They depend on the stability of the engine. When choosing this product should be guided by the manufacturer of the wires and brand of motor. Before buying high-voltage wires (VAZ 2110 is not an exception), you need to carefully examine the packaging. Ideally, it will show the models of motors for which wires are suitable. If there is no information, it is better not to buy such a product.

When the main selection criterion is qualityisolation, the first thing to figure out the voltage parameters in a particular car. At maximum values, the insulation must withstand the load. The best wire is the one made of materials that are not prone to excessive rigidity and do not break due to temperature changes.

Price list

Today the market offers a huge selection of differentoptions for a variety of car models. For example, the price for good high-voltage ignition wires will start from 500 rubles per set. It has 5 wires: 1 - on the coil, the rest - on the cylinders. Experts offer to purchase wires of zero resistance. According to them, they are ideal for a car and transmit voltage without loss.