Special fire trucks today constantlyare improved, this helps to increase the effectiveness of various tasks. There are many models designed to extinguish fires, it is worth looking into the most common of them.
Rapid Response Transport
The main purpose of such machines isensuring the delivery of people, rescue and technical equipment to the scene. They are indispensable in the implementation of rescue operations and the elimination of fires in residential buildings. Special fire trucks They are used in a temperate climate with a temperature range from -35 to +45 degrees. Their main components are the following:
- electrotechnical equipment for work;
- fire-technical equipment;
- body;
- chassis;
- tanks for foam and water.
Also worth noting equipment in the form of specialShelves on which the equipment is located. Means of fire fighting and equipment for rescue work are located in the body part and fixed by reliable attachment points. On the roof of the transport there is an additional space for equipment.
Equipment, as a rule, consists of the following:
- overalls for firemen;
- louver barrels;
- fire hoses and taps;
- breathing apparatus;
- hydraulic tools;
- equipment for foam generation;
- special pumps;
- protection of respiratory organs;
- water-foam weapons.
Gas-proofing machines
Special fire trucks of this typeprovide delivery of lighting devices, specialized tools, electrical equipment, systems to ensure the protection of firefighters to the place of emergency. The equipment consists of several functional parts:
- illuminated sliding mast, equipped with searchlights;
- control system;
- electric power tools;
- Fire fighting cab and chassis;
- specialized devices for work in force-majeure conditions;
- electrotechnical equipment.
The cockpit with combat calculation and the body in whichThe equipment is located on the chassis frame. Among the distinguishing features worth mentioning is the equipment of the opto-acoustic type "South Ural".
Fire transport with containers
Used to equip fire unitsmobile, multifunctional rapid response systems. Special fire trucks are designed to eliminate fires in oil, gas and chemical industries, in multi-storey buildings, archives and museums. The complex is also suitable for rescue operations. Cars of this type are indispensable in emergency situations under conditions of low temperatures and during the elimination of protracted fires.
The chassis is equipped with a special container carrier,providing a high level of mobility, and a multi-lift, used for delivery, unloading and re-transfer to the container base of the required type.
Operation can be carried out at a temperature from +40 to -50 degrees. The package includes several standard containers with installed dimensions and a set of fire extinguishing equipment.
Combined extinguishing transport
Fire rescue vehicles are necessary for the following tasks:
- supply of liquid from a natural reservoir or existing reservoir;
- transportation of firefighters, technical equipment and means for eliminating fires;
- supply of a special powder composition;
- Foam supply from a tank or tank installed on the chassis.
An integral element is the signalspecialized installation. The transport is in an emergency situation until the fire is completely eliminated. Vacuum equipment provides filling of tanks with foam and water. Fire fighting equipment of standard type is placed on the roof of the car, in the built-in compartments and in the body itself. Most of the equipment is represented by tools for feeding powder for extinguishing, mechanical foam and water.
Sleeve machines
Fire-fighting vehicles, pump-sleeves in the firstthe queue is necessary for the supply of a large volume of water, while the transport can be a considerable distance from the place of ignition. Among the main functions, it is also worth noting the formation of a special solution from foam concentrate and water in the established component ratio.
As materials for manufacturing, metals that are resistant to rust development are used. The equipment is represented by the following elements:
- electronic foam sensor placed on the pump;
- drainage equipment with ball valve device;
- a filling line with a check valve;
- overflow pipe, supplemented with a device to prevent the occurrence of pressure that does not correspond to the established level;
- breakwaters longitudinal and transverse.
Operation with frothers of any is possiblekind of. It is supplemented with elements that ensure the filling of the tank, its washing and heating, at the same time the replenishment can be made from a foaming electric pump or a third-party source. The surface of the tank is covered with a heat-insulating composition, its thickness is up to 1 cm.
Tanker AC-40
The purpose of the transport is to deliver special equipment and personnel to the scene of the incident, as well as fire-fighting equipment and their supply to the fire center.
On the chassis there are tanks withfrother and liquid. To eliminate the localization of fire, fire extinguishing agents are used from both water supply systems and tanks and reservoirs. The body part has high anti-corrosion and strength characteristics, light weight due to the use of aluminum sheets. It should be noted that the new body of the ATs-40 is supplemented with folding steps, which make it possible to simplify access to the equipment placed on the upper compartments.
Ladders
Ladder provides work on the upperfloors of buildings, extinguishing of fires with mechanical foam or water with the addition of foam generators and fire monitors, evacuation of injured and valuable things from high-rise buildings. Also with folded knees, it is used to transport cargo by crane. Fire ladders are suitable for work in various climatic conditions. The standard temperature range of operation is in the range from +40 to -40 degrees. Work in the extended temperature range is possible, subject to certain rules.
All components and mechanisms are mounted on the support frame and platform, which are placed on the chassis. The drive of a hydraulic pump works from the power unit of the chassis.
Ladder platform
The platform has a box construction, continuouslining and made of angular steel. The frame side members act as the basis for a metal frame. The platform consists of several parts - two side, back and front. Additionally placed container for transporting removable equipment. The steps are located on the sides of the structure, with the help of special doors, access to the gas tank and batteries is provided.
The platform is equipped with a support front frame,located behind the driver's cabin. It is mounted in two places: on the frame and frame side members. The frame provides support for the front part of the knees, their position is fixed with the help of special guides. Vertical movement of the set of knees is prevented by spring latches located on the side guides. The locking hook is necessary to keep the knees from moving out when the ladder is moving, it comes into contact with the supporting front frame. The knee is removed from the hook during removal from the frame, at this time the hook is lowered under its own weight.
Lifts
Fire cranked car lifts are necessary forcarrying out high-altitude work in the process of eliminating the fire. They are used not only to raise personnel, but also to illuminate the searchlights and supply cargo. The design consists of the following parts:
- control system;
- a mechanism for turning and lifting;
- links of the lifting part;
- support base;
- chassis.
The lift can be controlled fromcab or from outside the car using the remote control. The design has an installed comb in the upper part for simultaneous feeding of four barrels or a fire barrel of the type PLS-20. The cradle is equipped with protection against heat.
Fire telescopic car liftsequipped with safety automated mechanisms that stop moving when the allowable angle of lowering and lifting is exceeded. Compared with automatic ladders, they are more maneuverable. Today, as a rule, Russian-made lifting devices are used, with a height of 30 and 17 meters. The hydraulic system of the base is placed on the automobile chassis; it blocks the springs and turns on the supports.
