In difficult times, the car will come to the rescue, help out and never turn its back on its owner. Now we can not imagine our life without a vehicle.
Nowadays, a car is no longer a luxury. Buy it can anyone. He is in every family, but few people try to understand the technical structure of the car. And very vain.
The development of the automotive industry is movingstrides forward. Many different models are available in our time. The internal structure of all passenger cars are similar. The device of the car for novice drivers seems to be a dark forest, but still it will have to understand a little. This is necessary in order to be able to repair the minimum in case of breakage. Or clearly explain in the service station that your car is broken.
General car device
Describing a car device for beginners,delve into the little things are not worth it. But there is a certain database of information that everyone should know. Regardless of the driving experience, knowledge of the schematic device of your vehicle will significantly reduce the cost of repair and maintenance of the iron horse.
General car device:
- engine;
- transmission;
- chassis;
- body;
- electrical equipment.
Engine
The device of the car for beginners should begin to consider with the main component - the engine. It is a kind of heart of your vehicle.
The purpose of this part of the car is known.everyone from the earliest years. The engine drives the vehicle with the energy produced by the combustion of fuel. The power from it is transmitted to the wheels through the transmission. On the basis of this, cars are divided into front, rear and all-wheel drive. For example, if the energy is transmitted to the front wheels - this is a front wheel drive.
Depending on the type of fuel used, the engines are divided into several types:
- Petrol - the most common.
- Diesel.
- Gas - is increasingly common this type, not working on liquid fuel.
Today the most commonis ICE - internal combustion engine. Gradually, new species appear that may replace the internal combustion engine cavity. However, while he does not give the leading position to anyone.
Chassis and transmission
Chassis - a collection of partsUnited together, forcing the car to move. Roughly speaking, it is a kind of trolley that holds the body, engine and other components of the car. Its two main components are wheels and suspension.
With the first part of the way everything is extremely simple.But the suspension should talk more. Indeed, for many experienced drivers, it remains a mystery. From the name of this part of the car, it is clear that it is somewhere suspended from below. But for what? And the answer is simple. When traveling even on a flat road, the vehicle is subject to vibration and shaking. Agree, in such conditions, the trip is unlikely to give you pleasure. So it is the suspension that reduces the level of oscillations on the car. It protects the driver and passengers from jumping and jumping, while driving over bumps. And remembering our roads, I would like to hope that the suspension will serve faithfully for a long time.
Transmission is the common name for a variety of mechanisms that redirect energy from the engine to the wheels. This includes:
- Coupling is necessary for smooth switching of a transmission with the engine.
- Transmission. Its function is to change the torque and switch the movement to reverse gear.
- Differential - makes the wheels of the car, depending on the situation, spin at different speeds.
- Half shafts. Their task is to transfer torque to the drive wheels of the vehicle.
Car body
The body is the frame of the car.All components of a vehicle cling to it. In the distant past, the first cars were without a body. It was replaced by a frame to which everything was attached. Now such a scheme has remained with some trucks and motorcycles. And for passenger vehicles, this type of assembly was refused in order to make their weight smaller. So the familiar body of a passenger car appeared.
The composition of the body part includes:
- roof;
- stamped bottom;
- engine compartment;
- spar;
- front and rear fenders;
- hood;
- doors;
- luggage cover.
The division into components is rather conditional, soas all parts are interconnected. If you compare roughly, the body is a kind of metal box in which the components of the car are put.
By body type are divided:
- sedan;
- hatchback;
- coupe;
- mini car;
- pickup.
That body determines the appearance of the car, as well as internal comfort and its size.
Electrical equipment
Few processes in our life occur withoutelectricity. The movement of the car is not included in their number. Internal and external lighting, wipers, control devices, radio, air conditioning - they all work due to electric current. The car consumes a huge amount of electricity, in connection with this charge from the outlet it is impractical.
Therefore, inside your vehiclethere is a generator that allows you to generate electrical energy on your own, as well as reserve for use when the engine is running. The drive is a rechargeable battery.
Truck device
Considering the device of the car for novice drivers, it is necessary to touch not only passenger, but also cargo models.
In essence, the internal components are identical.The differences, of course, are in size. And the main difference between the device of the truck and the car is the composition of the body. At the first one it is divided into a cabin and a cargo platform. And the car has no such division. All other components of the car are similar.
