Considering the device of the vehicle,One can not bypass one of its important elements, namely the clutch of the car. The main purpose of this mechanism is a short-term detachment of the transmission component from the engine, as well as vibration damping and reducing the load on the main elements of the transmission when the vehicle is moving.
It is to ensure a smooth,flickering the vehicle, there is a clutch of the car. Usually this term refers to the transmission element, the component of which is designed to disconnect or connect the connection between the transmission and the engine.
To date, the following speciesClutch: friction, hydraulics and electromagnetic. In turn, the most common type of clutch - friction, can be divided into three categories: multi-disk, dual-disk and single-disk single-disk, clutch.
The principle of the clutch car frictiontype consists in the transfer of torque due to the frictional force. With the hydraulic clutch type, the connection between the gearbox and the engine is carried out through the fluid flow, and in the electromagnetic control passes through the magnetic field.
In addition to the above categories, the clutchcar can be divided into "wet" and "dry". Their names were obtained thanks to the method used for friction between disks. So, for example, the friction that occurs in the liquid, was called - a wet grip, and with dry friction, respectively - dry grip, which is now very popular.
Next, consider the clutch of the car.It consists of the following elements: clutch housing, flywheel, driven and pressure plates, coupling, spring diaphragm, clutch release bearing, fork.
In cars with powerfulengines, a two-disk clutch is used, which in turn transfers the greatest torque with an unchanged size. Such results are achieved through the use of two driven discs, in the interval of which a gasket is installed. This makes it possible to obtain four friction surfaces.
After pressing the pedal, the drive moves the plug,which drives the clutch bearing, which acts on the diaphragm petals of the spring of the pressure plate. As a result, the diaphragm springs are deflected towards the flywheel, the outer edge of which moves to the side, releasing the pressure plate. After that, the torque is no longer transmitted to the transfer case from the engine.
When the clutch pedal is released, pressthe mechanism drives the driven disk through which it contacts the flywheel mechanism. The gearbox is supplied with a torque from the engine due to frictional forces.
For high loads, the clutch of the car canbe made of high-strength ceramics with a high coefficient of friction. The main disadvantage of such a clutch is a sharp "grasp", as a result of which it is not suitable for installation in budget cars.
In most cases there is no adhesiononly in hydromechanical automatic transmissions and is available only in robotic transmissions. Here, shift gears and squeeze the clutch electrical drives. In the cams, which are mainly used in sports cars, where only with a jerk from the spot, the clutch pedal is used, after which the gear changes occur in the absence of a pedal.
On average, the clutch of the car is guaranteedtrouble-free operation up to 100 thousand kilometers of run, but there are many cases of failure of the clutch system at earlier times. Such situations arise when incorrect, and very often with frivolous use of the clutch: sudden jerks from the seat, prolonged depression of the clutch pedal at traffic lights, etc.
