The back gear on "Kalina" does not turn on: reasons and ways of troubleshooting

On the car "Lada Kalina" is installedmanual gearbox. It transmits torque from the engine to the drive wheels. Motorists say the reliability of the transmission. But sometimes the reverse gear on the “Kalina” does not turn on. The reasons may be different. In most cases, they can be solved independently. In today's article we will look at the causes of reverse gear faults (the Lada Kalina will be the subject of a review) and methods for eliminating them.

Butter

In the gearbox, just like in the engine,there is oil. By its viscosity it is thicker than the motor. On domestic cars, the manufacturer recommends changing the fluid at least once every 60 thousand kilometers. If the reverse gear does not turn on on the Lada Kalina, check the lubrication level in the box. If the mileage of the machine is more than 60 thousand, drain the old liquid and use a new one.

It happens that the oil level disappears due to sagging gland or punched gaskets. Identify the location of the leak and replace the sealing elements.

How to change the oil

To do this, you will need an inspection pit oroverpass. Warm up the car before the operation. Transmission oil is very viscous, and at low temperatures it does not completely leave the walls of the box. Locate the drain plug on the gearbox. Use a wrench to unscrew it and substitute the container for draining the waste liquid. Within 20 minutes all the oil will spill from the box. Next, twist the cork key and find the filler cap. She is on the side.

Oil is poured through a watering can or hose fromengine compartment (as the checkpoint on the "Kalina" is located transversely). After replacement, start the engine and warm up the box again. After five minutes, remove the dipstick and, if necessary, add transmission oil. The volume of fluid should be 2200 milliliters. This applies to both the old "Kalin" on the box from the "nine", and the new, on the transmission 2181 with a wire drive. By the way, it is much less likely to break than the first. In half the cases, this method can eliminate the problem.

Adjusting the scenes

Often after its repair on the "Kalina" does not turn onreverse gear. The speed of pressing the pedal does not matter. Along with it, the fifth gear will disappear. To eliminate the problem, it is necessary to adjust the position of the scenes. How to do it? It is necessary to find the yoke backstage and loosen it.

Next, the lever is moved to the desired position.(back or fifth speed). The clamp is tightened. It is necessary to check the effectiveness of the adjustment on the engine running. If after that, you still do not turn on the rear speed on the "Kalina", perform the adjustment in first gear. Move the box lever to the appropriate position, after loosening the bolt. Turn the scenes drive counterclockwise until the lever rests on the reversing gear latch R. By setting the depth of the landing scenes on the gearbox, you will resume the operation of the box.

Solenoids

This mechanism is both automatic andon mechanical gears. The solenoid is powered through a ring switch (located on the transmission lever). When you lift it, the item is triggered. Solenoid rod retracts inside. The reverse gear is engaged.

At the same time, the limit switch on the box works.gears and reversing lights come on. Why does not turn on the rear gear on the "Kalina". Causes may be in the blown solenoid fuse. It has the label "F-21". Check the fuse box and replace the burned part.

What if it is whole?

If the reverse gear does not turn on (“Lada Kalina”),reasons may be in another part. For the diagnosis you need to disassemble the box cover. Under it there is a connector connected to the solenoid switch. We turn it off and connect directly contacts. Check if backspeed is on. If not, remove the solenoid connector and measure the voltage in it. When the voltmeter shows values ​​less than 12 V, then there is a short circuit. You can check and with the help of the warning lamp. Its power should be from 3 to 5 watts. If it does not burn, then the wires are burned out in the chain. Looking further. We close the connector contacts that goes down under the floor of the car. This can be done with a metal clip. Next turn on the reverse. If it turned on without problems, it means that the closure happened exactly here. In the case of the health of the element, remove the connector from the solenoid. With the help of two pins and a tester we measure the voltage. The ends of the tester are attached to the pins. In most cases, the breakage is due to the fracture of the harness and copper oxidation. Most often the wire is ground in the place where the clamp is installed on the pallet of the mechanical box. How to check it?

Remove the chip clamp and disconnect the connector, whichgoes to the reversing lights. We take the harness out, release it from the insulation and look at the wires. If they show signs of melting or other deformations, replace them. Cut the damaged element with nippers and connect the others. It is desirable that they have the same diameter and cross section. Connection method - twisting. But for greater confidence, you can use a soldering iron and heat shrink. Do not forget to insulate the cord and place it in the corrugation. It is important that it does not get moisture. So you reduce the risk of oxidation. The clamp itself is changed to a new one. After repair we connect this connector and check the box for proper operation. If the solenoid is faulty, measure the resistance level. This figure is 2.2 Ohms. In the event of an element failure, the transmission oil also changes. Thread and sealing elements are lubricated with sealant. Otherwise, there will be drips on the box.

Mechanical part

If the reverse gear is not included on the "Kalina"reasons may be in the switching mechanism. The latter has in its design a spring. She often breaks down. If the item "falls" at the bottom of the box, it will not prevent the switching speeds. The driver may leave for several years without suspecting that a spring has taken off in the mechanism.

Но если она застряла в пазах, будут неизбежны reverse gear breakdowns. Depending on the position of the part, the speed may turn on periodically or not work at all. In this case, you will have to completely disassemble the gearbox and pull the stuck element out.

Solutions to the problem

Once you have pulled the part, you havetwo ways out of the situation. The first is to purchase a new spring (it is inexpensive, about 100 rubles) and install it. The second is the replacement of the entire gear selection unit. It costs about one thousand rubles. Experienced motorists do not recommend changing the part partially. The spring is made of poor-quality material and very quickly fails. The smart solution is to purchase a complete mechanism.

Release bearing

This item is very reliable.But do not exclude its breakdown. How to determine that the release bearing is out of order? To do this, squeeze the clutch on the engine running and listen to the work of the box. If, when the pedal is released, the characteristic sound (rustling) is enhanced, and the reverse gear on the “Kalina” is not activated, the reasons are in the bearing. But not only this speed will be badly included. Often, due to the "squeeze out" poorly triggered transfer. They have to be turned on with rebinding and double pressing.

The item is inexpensive, but to replace it, you must completely remove the box.

Conclusion

So, we found out signs of a crash in the back.transfer "Lada Kalina" and solutions. In most cases, the problem is fixed by hand. However, in the absence of experience or free time, you can contact the workshop.