Many car owners, stopping by the mastersat the service station, listen to them that it is necessary to rinse or replace the nozzles. At the same time motorists do not know what it is. What is a nozzle in a car and what is it for?
Short description
All existing diesel and gasoline todayInternal combustion engines have in their design a system for fuel injection. The nozzle is an analogue of a pump that supplies a powerful, but very thin stream of fuel. It is an integral part of the injection system. Where are the nozzles and what is their principle of operation, will be described below.
Types of nozzles
The nozzle is a solenoid valvecontrolled by a special program in the block that controls the car engine. It is thanks to the nozzle fuel is fed into the cylinders doses. If they say about the injector, then here we have in mind the system of controlled nozzles.
There are several types of nozzles that are designed:
- for distributed fuel injection;
- central injection;
- direct injection.
The principle of operation of the injectors
Fuel from the frame to each individual injectorserved under the required certain pressure. Electrical impulses come from the control unit to the injector electromagnet. They use the needle valve, the purpose of which is to open and close the nozzle channel. The duration of the opening of the needle valve and the amount of fuel supplied depend on the duration of the arrival of an electrical pulse. This duration is regulated by the unit controlling the engine. In addition, different types of injectors can create several forms of torch fuel, as well as change its direction. And this greatly affects the mixing in the engine.
Location:
Many do not know about the nozzle in the car. Where are these items located? Their location depends on the type of injection:
- With central fuel injection, one or a couple of injectors are located inside the intake manifold, near the throttle valve. So, the nozzle is a replacement for an already outdated device - a carburetor.
- При распределенном впрыске топлива для каждого Cylinder mounted its injectors in the car. Where are they located in this case? At the base of the pipeline for the inlet, into which the fuel is injected by the injector.
- With direct fuel injection, they are located in the upper region of the cylinder walls. They inject fuel into the combustion chamber itself.
Here is the location have nozzles in the car. Where are these parts, it became clear.
Washing
For the reason that there are fuelharmful impurities, carbon deposits are often deposited on the nozzles. They need to be washed. This operation involves the washing out of unwanted dirt from the injection system. The nozzles can be washed with a special liquid. It is also called a special additive. In this case, the injectors themselves can not even be removed from the engine. This additive is added to the fuel, and the engine is forced to work on this mixture a couple of thousand kilometers. It is possible to carry out a faster flush, while not removing the nozzle from the engine. For this purpose, apply a special installation. It connects to the motor in place of the fuel pump. In the nozzles themselves served solvent. This is a special flushing fuel. This process takes about fifteen minutes.
The nozzles of soot can also be cleaned with ultrasound. This method already involves removing them from the engine.
Outcomes
Thus, it becomes clear whatnozzles in the car, where they are, how they work, what they are for. Obviously, these are very important parts of the engine, without which his work is impossible. It is necessary to monitor their health, as well as regularly wash them.
