The main drug form of the drug is levomycetin - tablets, coated with a capsule or capsule.
Composition
Active substance:
- chloramphenicol 250/500 mg (1 tablet)
Excipients:
- calcium stearate;
- potato starch.
Pharmacological action of the drug levomitsetin
Levomycetin tablets are an antibiotica broad spectrum of action that is effective against a variety of both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. In addition, this drug can also act on strains that are resistant to the following antibiotics - penicillin, sulfonamides, streptomycin.
The drug acts on the microorganism, violating its protein synthesis, so, in therapeutic doses, this drug can have a bacteriostatic effect.
Resistance to this drug in microorganisms develops slowly, and at the same time does not give cross-resistance to other antibiotics with a similar structure.
Indications for the use of the drug Levomycetin
Tablets of the drug are used for a number of diseases that can be caused by an infection of a bacterial nature:
- paratyphoid;
- typhoid fever;
- salmonellosis;
- shigellosis;
- brucellosis;
- rickettsiosis;
- Tularemia.
Side effects of the drug levomitsetin
When a drug is poisoned or just with an individual intolerance, a number of side effects may occur that are related to different body systems.
Side effects related to the organs of hematopoiesis:
- thrombocytopenia;
- leukopenia;
- reticulocytopenia;
- decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood;
- aplastic anemia.
Side effects related to the gastrointestinal tract and mucous membranes:
- vomiting;
- nausea;
- bloating;
- diarrhea;
- irritation of mucous membranes;
- stomatitis;
- glossitis;
- dysbiosis;
- relapse of fungal infection.
Side effects related to the central nervous system:
- Hearing impairment (reversible);
- hallucinations;
- optic neuritis;
- peripheral neuritis;
- encephalopathy;
- depression;
- headache.
Side effects related to allergic reactions:
- fever;
- skin rash;
- anaphylaxis;
- angioedema.
Contraindications to the use of the drug levomitsetin
Tablets of the drug are not recommended if the patient has one or more of the following diseases (conditions):
- blood diseases, including oppression of hematopoiesis;
- psoriasis;
- fungal skin lesions;
- eczema;
- abnormal liver function;
- ARI;
- pregnancy and lactation;
- porphyria;
- age up to 3 years.
An overdose of the drug
In case of an overdose, if applicabledrug levomitsetin, the following symptoms can be observed - possible complications from the organs and hemopoietic systems, which are usually associated with the long reception of too large doses of the drug. Complications are manifested by pain in the throat, pale skin, bleeding, fever and general weakness of the body.
In children with an overdose can be observed:
- vomiting;
- bloating;
- gray skin color;
- arrhythmic breathing;
- hypothermia;
- cardiovascular collapse.
In order to get rid of these symptoms,it is necessary immediately after their manifestation to stop taking the drug, rinse the stomach, start taking sorbents and, if necessary, begin symptomatic treatment.
Drug interaction with the drug chloramphenicol
Tablets should not be taken ifthe patient is prescribed drugs that inhibit blood formation, and in particular such means as cytostatics, pyrazolone derivatives and sulfonamides, and if they are not possible, then it is necessary to refuse the use of chloramphenicol and find an alternative to it.
Such drugs as phenobarbital, rifabutin and rifampicin significantly reduce the concentration and effectiveness of chloramphenicol.
The drug reduces the antibacterial effect of cephalosporins and penicillins. In addition, it can reduce the effectiveness of erythromycin, lincomycin, as well as clindamycin.
