Despite the wide range of contraceptives,in particular, condoms, many women and men lose their sanity, neglecting their use during their contacts with unverified partners. Relying on luck or simply not thinking about the future, they are sure that they will not be exposed to the disease from the venereological spectrum. But sexually transmitted diseases do not dry out, and infected people every year more and more. In terms of the duration and severity of the course, for many years, syphilis has held the lead, the consequences of which are so palpable that even if you get rid of this ill-fated problem, you will hardly ever forget about it forever.
The causative agent of syphilis
Pale treponema is the most dangerousa microbe that causes the disease. Active and strong, such a microorganism can be called only when it resides in the human body, but the microbe can not boast of stability beyond its limits. A sharp temperature drop and a lack of sufficient humidity are detrimental to treponema.
Settled in the human body, treponemarepresents the greatest threat to others in the first stage of its development and formation, the duration of which on average is about two years. Defeating most of the organs and systems of the body, the disease has a periodic recurrence of exacerbations and without proper attention and treatment passes into a chronic form.
Ways of transmission of infection
Mostly it is an infectious diseasetransmitted during sexual contact, with a huge role played by microscopic damage to the skin and mucous membranes. Syphilis, the consequences of which go beyond the scope of venereology, are classified as a category of sexually transmitted diseases. However, the chance of infection, albeit small, is present in other, more habitual circumstances (by the household, with blood transfusions, during dental procedures).
The first changes in the body
Within the first month after infectionThe presence of syphilis is usually invisible. Its first manifestations are most often observed on the patient's skin. At the site of penetration treponema formed ulcer red expressive color with a solid dense base. The so-called chancre is the most pitting, which soon disappears without medical intervention and causes patients to erroneously think that all the negative consequences of the disease are behind.
As if to put to sleep the vigilance of the stricken person,the microbe quickly moves around the body. While pale treponema multiplies by damaging all internal tissues and organs, the patient can feel only discomfort, which in its appearance resembles the development of respiratory infection. There is a headache, fever, general weakness and fatigue, which at first glance seem to be very harmless cold symptoms.
The missed start of treatment at this stage of the development of the ailment contributes to the detection in the near future of rashes, sores on the mucous membranes, feet and palms.
Diagnosis of syphilis. RW
Having the slightest suspicion of potential infection, doctors prescribe a simple and reliable method, which makes it possible to diagnose the presence of the disease for certain. This is Wasserman's reaction. Its use to detect infection has become widespread in clinical studies.
Но не стоит забывать, что отрицательная реакция the presence of the disease after a short time after infection is quite likely to be imaginary. In this case, more accuracy in the analyzes can be achieved by taking a scraping from the surface of the chancre in order to detect a pale spirochete.
Положительный результат на RW характерен для the second half of the initial stage of the disease, which is why a single pass of the RW test does not guarantee a hundred percent reliability of the tests and needs to be repeated.
Healing chancre is replaced by the appearance of papules -pink spots on the skin. This most common symptom of the secondary stage of syphilis comes painlessly a month after the passage of ulcers. Papules are often mistaken for an allergic reaction due to the absence of any unpleasant sensations (itching, burning, inflammation of the skin).
In the formulation of the diagnosis, it is Wassermann's reaction to syphilis that minimizes the huge risk. The consequences of possible irreversible complications can be excluded by timely diagnosis.
The main consequences of the initial stage of syphilis in men
Often, additional bacterial lesions are added to the main complications of the disease course. In most cases, they appear in men:
- edematous tissues and their inflammation;
- phimosis (narrowing of the foreskin of the penis);
- paraphimosis (infringement of the head, causing necrosis);
- gangrene of male genitalia.
To signs of a secondary stage of the disease, capablelead to a serious deterioration in health, include pustular eruptions. Left without proper attention, they can be accompanied by headaches, fever, general weakness and fatigue. Also, men can detect intense baldness, loss of voice.
Данные осложнения чаще встречаются у мужчин, leading an immoral lifestyle, abusing alcohol and taking no action to overcome syphilis. What are the consequences of women are also worth understanding.
Consequences of transferred syphilis in women
The first complications of the disease appear onmucous membranes of the female genital organs. The vagina, cervix and external labia are covered with chancre. The treponema that has adapted itself in the new organism continues to destroy it, affecting the blood vessels and lymph nodes.
If time applies for qualifiedmedical care, the effects of treated syphilis in women will still be pretty serious. The disease can be dangerous not only for the carrier. Even after a full course of treatment can not exclude the risk of the birth of a sick baby from the mother who had the disease. But still, this is incomparable with the danger and harm that a syphilis mother causes to the fetus. About a quarter of these pregnancies end in a natural interruption for a period of 12-16 weeks. The same number of sick babies die, even after three days.
Due to these facts, every pregnant woman is obliged to be tested for syphilis, the consequences of which may endanger two lives.
Irreversible complications of the tertiary period
A feature of this stage in the course of the disease is the inevitability of changes leading to the death of an organism, which include neurosyphilis and visceral syphilis.
Syphilitic meningitis (neurosyphilis) is a stage:
- dying off of brain cells;
- significant reduction of intellectual abilities;
- memory impairment;
- paralysis of the limbs;
- atrophy of the optic nerve.
In visceral syphilis, the aorta expands,heart failure develops, leading to an inflammatory process in the arteries. It also worsens the condition of the lungs, the functioning of the kidneys and the heart valve.
Features of treatment today
The truth that claims to overcome any diseaseeasier at the very beginning, describes the features of the treatment of syphilis. At present, the approach to the method of recovery goes the way of improvement aimed at early recognition of the problem. The consequences of treating syphilis should be as harmless as possible to the patient.
As before, the fundamental componenttreatment plan invariably remained medicines containing penicillin with prolonged action. These are durant drugs that have benzathine benzylpenicillins in their composition.
Treatment methods in the early stages of the disease
Modern durant drugs do not needspecial recommendations for use. However, after thorough examination of the patient and preliminary clarification of the stage of the disease, taking such drugs has a positive effect on the consequences after syphilis.. Durant medications are injected not.more often than once a week and they are prescribed in the event of fresh syphilis or latent second stage of the disease. The maximum course duration is up to 3 injections. The effectiveness of such drugs has been proven when they are taken for prophylactic purposes. Only a single dose of the drug is sufficient to minimize the risk of infection during recent contact with the patient.
At the same time cure recurrent manifestation of the disease,as most doctors believe, using these forms of penicillin is almost impossible, since they do not give a full guarantee in terms of removing infection from the spinal cord fluid.
The effectiveness of the therapeutic course in the later stages
The effects of syphilis detectedalready in the second stage, it is much more difficult to overcome. Complications caused by infection, develop not only in the internal organs of the person. The central nervous system is threatened. Often, for patients with such a severe form of the disease, the most appropriate are the stationary regimen and complex combination therapy consisting of water-soluble penicillin, antibiotics of the tetracycline groups, macrolides, cephalosporins, and preparations containing bismuth. The latter suppress the active vital activity of the pathogen and have an anti-inflammatory effect. At the same time, their “shock” force leaves its mark, causing endocrine disorders, significantly reducing immunity and affecting the chromosome of the patient. Throughout life, the presence of a trace positive reaction that affects the results of control tests is likely.
Therefore, mandatory in the treatment regimen isthe appointment of immunomodulatory agents that support the protective functions of the body. Nevertheless, it will not be possible to completely eliminate the consequences after the treatment of syphilis, which acts extremely destructively on the state of health.
