Tubular chest - fairly commonpathology, which is characterized by abnormal development of the mammary glands, congenital violation of their structure. In most cases, such a deformation is not dangerous. Nevertheless, pathology becomes the cause of complexes and mental disorders, because it is perceived by a woman as a serious physical disability.
Of course, girls are interested in moreinformation. What is pathology and why does it develop? How to live with a tubular breast? Are there any correction methods? Is it possible the occurrence of complications? Answers to these questions are important for many of the fair sex.
What is pathology?
To get started is to deal with general information.This pathology is a congenital abnormal development of the mammary glands. For one reason or another, a very dense connective tissue framework is formed in the breast tissue.
Ferruginous and fatty tissues during sexualDevelopments increase in size much faster than the “supporting” connective tissue elements, with the result that the breast takes the form of a tube. The dense frame of connecting elements does not allow fabrics to grow in width. Such breasts grow only towards the nipple.
It is worth noting that this is quite commonproblem. Tubular breast in one form or another, the degree of development is recorded in about 20 women out of a thousand. Of course, these statistics are not too accurate, since not all girls seek help, they inform the doctor about the presence of breast deformity.
Tubular chest: causes
Unfortunately, the exact causes and mechanisms of development of this pathology are still not fully understood. There are several hypotheses explaining the origin of such a birth defect.
- Genetic heredity.In medical practice there are many documented cases of hereditary development of tubular breast. It is believed that the pathology is transmitted through the female line, although to date there is no data on the exact mechanism of gene transfer, nor on the most key genes.
- Влияние тератогенных факторов.Some scientists believe that this anomaly is congenital, but not hereditary. Changes in breast structure are associated with the effects of biological or chemical substances on the fetus during fetal development.
- Acquired forms of pathology.There is an opinion that at least some cases of the development of this pathology are in no way connected either with genetics or with the influence of potentially dangerous substances on the child’s body. It is believed that sometimes a change in the normal structure of the breast is associated with impaired blood supply to the breast. This, in turn, may be due to vascular injuries, various diseases, the use of inappropriate underwear, etc.
To date, none of the above hypotheses have sufficient evidence. Some scientists believe that risk factors work together.
It is worth noting that the formation of the mammary glandsfully completed by about 17-20 years. The tubular breast after childbirth, the lactation period does not practically change. Do not affect the shape of the mammary gland intense physical exertion and other factors.
Types of breasts with a similar structure
Tubular breasts are a common problem. But it is worth noting that there are different types of breast defects.
- Parenchymal type. This pathology is due to a lack of tissue in the lower inner part of the breast. The shape of the breast in this case resembles a cone-shaped tube.
- Mushroom type.There is a lack of tissue throughout the area of the breast. In this case, the chest is stretched, has practically no tissue at the base and grows in the areola area, as a result of which it resembles a mushroom cap.
- Fascial type. One can observe a shortage of tissue throughout the entire lower area of the chest. In this case, the volume of the mammary gland increases in the lateral and axillary regions.
Tubular breasts: degrees of development
To date, there are three degrees of development of this pathology.
- In women with first severity, thispathology is not very pronounced - the shape of the breast is close to normal. Above, the mammary gland has a familiar convex shape. But the shortage of tissues in the lower part still occurs, so the nipple "looks" down. At the same time, the areola area looks quite normal.
- О второй степени говорят в том случае, если имеет there is a shortage of tissues not only in the lower, but also in the lateral area of the chest. The mammary gland in this case is strongly lowered down, has a tubular shape. The areola of the nipple is significantly enlarged.
- The third degree of development is accompanied by very characteristic deformations. Tissue glands are compressed tight frame. The chest is small and shaped like a cone. The areola is large and the nipple is flat.
What symptoms should pay attention to?
It is worth noting that the diagnosis of "tubular breast"can be put only after the end of the process of puberty. The girl's mammary gland has an irregular, unnatural shape. As a rule, it is stretched forward and resembles a tube. The areola, as a rule, acquires large sizes, but the nipples, on the contrary, may be underdeveloped and drawn inwards.
The pathological process can encompass as one,and both mammary glands. There are cases of asymmetry, in which one breast of a woman has a normal shape, and the second - tubular varying severity. As a rule, girls do not feel any physical discomfort.
Is pathology dangerous? Possible complications
In most cases, such a congenital anomaly is not dangerous. Only in some patients, the areola expands so much that a condition called “areolar hernia” develops.
Large areola, retracted nipple and abnormalThe internal structure of the breast can sometimes become an obstacle to breastfeeding a child. For example, a lack of glandular tissue can lead to the formation of an insufficient amount of milk or even its absence. In addition, a violation of the structure of the areola sometimes prevents the child from correctly grabbing the nipple, as a result of which the baby cannot eat on its own - the milk will have to be expressed.
Some experts believe that a similar shape of the breast increases the likelihood of mastopathy, although to date the exact figures are unknown.
Многие пациентки страдают от эмоционального discomfort and complexes about the shape of their breasts. Often this leads to isolation, rejection of sexuality, the development of various neuroses, psychoses, and sometimes depression.
Diagnostic measures
In fact, diagnostics rarely involvesthe complexities. Already during a general examination and palpation, the doctor can not only diagnose “tubular breast”, but also determine the type and degree of development of the pathology.
However, additional research is occasionally carried out. Breast ultrasound is indicated in cases of suspected mastopathy, as this disease is also accompanied by breast deformity.
When is surgery necessary?
What is the patient diagnosed with?tubular chest? The operation in this case is the only effective correction method. Physical exercises, creams and other means to care for the skin of the breast and increase elasticity, alas, do not give any results.
Surgical intervention recommendedpatients with “hernia” in the areola, but only if such a displacement of tissues is associated with impaired blood circulation or the impossibility of breastfeeding.
In other cases, the operation is performed at the request of the patient. The woman herself must decide if she needs a correction of the tubular breast.
Surgical breast correction: methods
Immediately it is worth noting that the correction of tubularbreast, or rather the method chosen by the doctor, is directly related to the type of deformation and the degree of its severity. Often, surgical treatment involves several operations at once, each of which is aimed at eliminating a particular defect.
- In almost every case in order tocorrect the breast shape required endoprosthetics. The essence of the technique is simple - installing a special implant, which will give the iron the desired shape. Prostheses in this case are selected, and sometimes made individually (for example, if there is asymmetry). Implants are installed periareolarly. This procedure can be started in case of first degree deformation.
- If we are talking about the tubularity of the second and thirddegree, then the chest must be prepared for endoprosthetics. For this purpose, a special expander is installed inside. An implant filled with an isotonic solution is placed in the breast tissue. Every two weeks the volume of liquid inside is gradually increased. This makes it possible to stretch the skin and the connective tissue framework slowly and without injury. In this way, a place is formed for the further establishment of a permanent prosthesis. As a rule, such manipulations take about 2-3 months.
- Also, doctors surgically reduce the areola.and nipple. If there is a first type of tubularity (in a mild degree), then this operation is carried out in isolation - it is enough to improve the external shape of the breast. If we are talking about more pronounced forms of pathology, the reduction of the nipple and areola is included in the general correction scheme. Excess areola tissues are excised, leaving a small circle (its diameter is not more than four centimeters), which is then sewn to the skin of the breast.
- Sometimes as an alternative to patients.recommend lipolifting. The essence of the procedure is simple - the doctor collects fatty tissues from other parts of the body. Introduce them in the chest area, the specialist gives the breast volume. The technique has advantages. For example, this is not a full-scale operation that does not require a long recovery. In addition, the cost of such manipulation is much lower. There is no risk of rejection and allergic reactions, as the patient is injected with her own tissue. On the other hand, fats placed in the chest can be absorbed, so the effect of the procedure is temporary.
Mammoplasty in tubular breast is reallygives good results. Of course, there are important factors that should not be ignored - proper preparation and care for the breast after surgery to ensure success and reduce the likelihood of complications.
How to prepare for the procedure?
Many women face such a problemlike a tubular chest. The correction of the form of the mammary glands is carried out by means of surgical intervention. And as you know, any operation requires preparation.
The patient is obliged to pass all studies and passtests to determine the presence or absence of contraindications. Consultation with a psychologist is recommended. At least a month before the procedure, women are recommended to correct the diet, to completely abandon the use of alcohol, to quit smoking. Harmful habits can affect the process of breast reconstruction (and the whole body) after surgery.
The period of rehabilitation and proper care
Proper postoperative care is extremely important, as the success of the procedure largely depends on it.
After the operation, the woman is in the hospital for a few more days, passes the necessary tests, undergoes examinations. If there are no complications, the patient may return home.
It is worth noting that during the first fewweeks women feel pain, which is associated with the gradual stretching of tissues and wound healing. The edema begins to subside after the first month, and the final result of the procedure can be observed after six months - before this time some asymmetry is possible.
At first, the patient must wearspecial compression underwear that will ensure the formation of a beautiful breast shape. Also during the first month it is important to avoid physical exertion whenever possible. Gymnasiums and sports activities are contraindicated. During the first six months, visits to saunas, baths and tanning beds are contraindicated. Patients are also not recommended to sunbathe in direct sunlight. Overheating of the body is fraught with the development of dangerous complications.
Contraindications for surgery
Like any operation, breast surgery has a number of contraindications, a list of which must be reviewed.
- Процедура противопоказана женщинам в период breast feeding. Moreover, doctors recommend waiting at least a year after cessation of lactation. It is important to allow the tissues to stabilize and to return to the size of the gland itself.
- Contraindications include certain diseases of the cardiovascular system, as they make anesthesia impossible.
- The operation is not carried out in the event that there are inflammatory skin diseases - the patient needs to undergo a full course of treatment. If we are talking about chronic diseases, it is important to wait for their remission.
- Diabetes mellitus is also a contraindication, as due to metabolic disorders, the wound healing process is difficult.
- Surgical intervention is not prescribed to patients suffering from bleeding disorders.
- The list of contraindications include infectious diseases - they must first be completely cured.
That is why so important ispreoperative diagnosis. If there are restrictions, the procedure may not give the desired result or lead to the development of dangerous complications (there is a risk of death).
Possible complications after surgery
As statistics show, most oftenSurgical correction and rehabilitation for patients ends successfully. The shape of the breast really improves, which can not but rejoice the woman. However, there is a risk of complications.
- В первую очередь стоит поговорить о рисках, с which involve any surgical intervention. Infections, inflammatory processes, the formation of massive hematomas - all this is possible. However, in most cases the appearance of such side effects is associated either with poor-quality work of the surgeon, or with violation of the rules of rehabilitation by the patient herself.
- Sometimes massive scars and not very beautiful keloid scars form on the skin. This is due to the individual characteristics of the patient's body, and it is difficult to predict the possibility of their appearance.
- It should be noted that in the first few months after surgery, the degree of breast sensitivity is significantly reduced. Occasionally, loss of sensation becomes permanent.
Стоит понимать, что в данном случае успех The procedure depends on the quality of the materials used, qualifications and experience of the doctor. That is why it is necessary with all possible responsibility to consider the choice of a clinic and a surgeon.
Tubular breasts are an unpleasant pathology that can lower self-esteem and ruin the intimate life of every woman.
