Such an injury as a sprain occurs most often in people who lead an active lifestyle. Some professions also provoke this disease.
The main causative factors are traumatic damage (stretching) and overstrain (heavy loads for a long time).
The severity of injury is determined by three levels:
Grade I - rupture of several fibers of the ligament, accompanied by slight pain;
Grade II - moderate pain, tissue swelling, determined by disability.
Grade III - characterized by severe pain due to a ligament rupture followed by joint instability.
Often occurring injury - muscle damage ordamage to the joints of the muscles and tendons, sprains, treatment of which is necessary. The most severe pathology is expressed by a complete rupture of the joints of the muscles and tendons, accompanied by severe pain with loss of the contractility of the muscle itself. Musicians, conveyor workers, cashiers, and typists suffer from sprain due to repeated movements over a long period of time, that is, overvoltage (10–20%), and athletes account for 30 to 50% of such injuries. A serious degree of damage due to overtraining is sprain. Treatment is determined by the presence of persistent pain that disrupts the state of physical activity. As well as tendon injuries can occur tendonitis (destruction of blood vessels with signs of inflammation), tendinosis (rupture of fibers inside the tendon), tenosinovitis (inflammation around the tendon sheath).
Types of damage that occurred due to overtraining:
- elbow joints - tendons and muscles are damaged during the game of tennis, golf, baseball;
- knee joints - with the appearance of the syndromefriction or otibial tract, when the tendons are inflamed from intense running, leg movements during swimming, inflammation of the patellar tendons that are high jumpers, basketball players, volleyball players, especially when training starts before the recovery period after the injury has occurred;
- shoulder joints - with inflammation of the biceps tendon of the shoulder;
- bursitis of the patella, accompanied by pain, local - swelling, temperature increase in the patella bag. The reason is repeated injuries;
-inflammation of the Achilles tendon, manifested by pain in the heel or leg (back surface), as well as swelling and thickening of the tendon.
Sprain - treatment includes two areas:
- first aid;
- treatment of sprains.
When the first symptoms appear, medical careIt consists of the following actions: we anesthetize, rest the injured limb (a pressure bandage, and in case of a serious injury - immobilization by applying a tire), local ice, to prevent severe edema, we give the limb an elevated, comfortable position. As a result of the assessment of the general condition of the victim - conducting symptomatic drug therapy. Transportation of the victim to a specialized traumatology department where a stretch treatment will be carried out.
After the diagnosis is established, the treatment is carried out by traumatologists.
Sprain:treatment includes the entire amount of medical care in accordance with the degree of damage. This is anti-inflammatory treatment, rehabilitation and rehabilitation therapy, physiotherapy, physical therapy.
Все назначения, когда установлено растяжение ligaments, methods of treatment, the volume of medical intervention, the duration of the recovery period after injury, the timing of the end of treatment and determination of working capacity after the treatment is determined by the doctor.
