Not always pregnancy for a woman endssafely, much depends on where the fertilized egg can attach itself. If it is in the uterus, then everything is normal, but the attachment and development of it outside the uterine cavity (in the tubes, on the ovaries, in the abdominal cavity), called ectopic pregnancy, can lead to rupture of the fallopian tube and peritonitis.
Causes
Almost always an ectopic pregnancy occursafter an inflammatory disease in the small pelvis or infectious processes of the genitourinary system. Inflammation leads to scar formation in the abdominal cavity and lumen of the fallopian tubes. This is the end of most abortions, severe labor and sexual infections.
Another reason for ectopic pregnancy -infantilism, which manifests itself underdevelopment of all departments of the female reproductive system. Fallopian tubes at the same time look elongated, sinuous and narrow. Their contractility is weak.
All these factors make it difficult to promotea fertilized egg to the uterus, where it normally should attach. Lingering in the tube or not at all into it, it begins to develop outside the uterus. Over time, the fetal egg ceases to be located in such a small space as the fallopian tube and its rupture occurs. This can happen already at 4-6 weeks of pregnancy.
Symptoms
Blood, trapped in the abdominal cavity, provokes the appearance of cramping pains in the lower abdomen, dizziness and loss of consciousness.
Bleeding is not a permanent featureectopic pregnancy. It is possible that the wall of the fetus will break, not the tube. Then it, hitting the abdominal cavity, can cause mild pain, nausea and smearing discharge from the vagina. The scantiness of clinical symptoms and their short duration leads to the development of purulent peritonitis, which occurs with fever, blurred consciousness, nausea, vomiting.
Diagnostics
Unfortunately, the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancyis carried out untimely, because there are no signs that could clearly testify about it. Most of the women do not go to a women's consultation if they find symptoms such as menstruation, swelling of the breasts and nausea, believing that this is a normal pregnancy.
Often, an ectopic pregnancy, diagnosiswhich was not carried out on time, makes itself felt sharply, without precursors. However, it is possible to prevent such a catastrophe, it is enough to apply already in the first week of delaying menstruation in a women's consultation.
Diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy isin conducting an ultrasound of the uterus. With the help of modern devices, you can see the fetal egg at the very beginning of pregnancy and determine whether it is in the uterus or outside.
Also, the diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy canbe carried out according to the level of hCG (a hormone that is in the blood only during pregnancy). If the pregnancy is ectopic, the level of hCG is sharply reduced in comparison with normal pregnancy on equal terms.
Treatment
Diagnosis of an ectopic pregnancy should becarried out at the earliest possible date, because the amount of surgical intervention depends on this. So, if there is no rupture of the tube, then you can do with laparoscopic operation, when manipulations are carried out through small punctures in the abdominal wall. In this case, the fallopian tubes are preserved.
With the rupture of the tube and peritonitis, laparotomy (incision of the abdominal wall) will already be performed, and the uterine tube removed.
It is necessary to take care of your health, because timely visits to a woman's consultation can prevent the development of serious complications and even death.
