The incidence of gastric cancer (RJ) is very high inJapan, Iceland, Chile. Nutrition plays a major role in the development of an ailment: eating high-calorie, smoked, salty foods is a major risk factor. In contrast, the use of vitamins and fiber is a protective moment. Currently, the carcinogenic effect of Helicobacter pylori, Epstein-Barr virus has been proven. Actual causes of risk are smoking and drinking.
It is very important to know the main signs of the disease.Early symptoms of gastric cancer appear only when the tumor is sufficiently developed, when the lumen of the organ narrows, its volume decreases and evacuation is disturbed. The manifestation of the cancer may begin with bleeding or signs of severe intoxication caused by the disintegration of the tumor. The main symptom of gastric cancer depends on the localization of the process with the type of growth, the histological picture, the involvement of neighboring organs, the impact on the whole body.
Dysphagia
Most often, RJ manifests itself as a violation.organ patency. This symptom of gastric cancer occurs earlier with localization in the cardiac or pyloric region and almost never in the body of the stomach. When spreading to the esophagus, there are difficulties when swallowing: first solid, and then liquid food. Accompanied by the phenomenon of heartburn, belching with a fetid odor, exhaustion, weight loss. This symptom is more often observed with endophytic tumor growth.
Painful sensations
Pain symptom of gastric cancer is more common whenlocalization of the tumor in the upper third of the organ and is associated with increased peristalsis as a result of narrowing of the lumen. The pain is localized behind the sternum or between the shoulder blades, which is very similar to heart disease. Pain in the left hypochondrium occurs in cancer of the bottom of the stomach. Typically, such a disease is diagnosed only in the later stages.
Palpable education
An important symptom of gastric cancer - palpableeducation in the stomach. It is mainly determined by the localization of the tumor in the lower third of the organ. At other locations, it is difficult to palpate the cancer.
General complaints
Somatic symptom of gastric cancer is characterized by the so-called syndrome of small signs:
- weakness;
- depression;
- decreased appetite;
- "Gastric" discomfort;
- anemia;
- weight loss
Summing up, we can identify the main symptoms of the disease, it is: pain, dyspepsia, "gastric" discomfort, anemia, impaired evacuation.
Metastasis
The spread of the tumor occurs hematogenously in the liver, lungs, bones; lymphogenous - in the navel, Krukenberg metastasis. Metastasis of the peritoneum causes ascites.
Diagnostics
Diagnostic measures are aimed atdetection of a tumor, determination of its local distribution and metastasis, assessment of the general somatic condition. To detect and determine the development of cancer, radiography and endoscopy of the stomach are used. Taking a piece of the tumor allows you to determine its histological structure, clear boundaries, the degree of germination of the wall of the body. To determine the metastasis used lung radiography, angiography, MRI, diagnostic laparoscopy.
Treatment
To achieve the greatest effect, a complex of therapeutic measures is applied: a combination of a surgical intervention with removal of a lymphoklelektor, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
