One of the newest non-surgical treatments is platelet-rich plasma injections. They are intended for the treatment of various injuries and a number of diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Use method
Currently in the world of treatment withThese injections are becoming increasingly popular. Indeed, platelet-rich plasma contains special growth factors. They play one of the most important roles in the recovery of bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons. This method promotes wound healing, intraarticular hyaluronic acid restoration, coagulation and hemostasis. It also has an analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect.
The greatest effectiveness of such therapy showswith the following diseases: epicondylitis, tendinitis, enthesopathy, tendinosis. It can also be prescribed with the appearance of false joints, with a slow healing process of fractured bones, cartilage injuries, which are often observed in injuries and osteoarthritis. But this is not a complete list when platelet-rich plasma is used. It also helps speed healing after surgery, for example, in endoprosthetic replacement or arthroscopic surgery.
Indications
Currently, there are many spheres wheremay use injections of enriched plasma. This technology has become the most popular among sports doctors and in dentistry. But more often you can hear about its application in cosmetology.
For example, it can be used asprevention of aging or to recover from plastic surgery, aggressive cosmetic procedures or prolonged exposure to the sun. Platelet injections are performed to treat skin that is suffering from the patient's bad habits, nightlife, taking a number of medications, or a general deterioration of the condition.
The technology is also used to treat seborrhea, acne, scarring of the skin. Good performance is achieved with injections to improve hair growth.
Performing the procedure
Many are afraid to make injections enrichedplasma platelets, as they believe that donor blood is used for its preparation. But in most clinics that specialize in such procedures, they will explain to you that this is not so.
The specialist takes the patient's venous blood.It is necessary to collect at least 20 ml immediately in a special test tube, which is placed in a centrifuge. At the same time, the blood is not in contact with the external environment, which excludes the possibility of its infection. During its processing in a centrifuge, 3 ml of platelet-rich plasma is obtained.
Она вводится непосредственно в проблемное место.Many recommend the injection under ultrasound control in order to get directly into the damaged tissue. It is also important to understand that it is impossible to obtain enriched plasma from clotted blood. Indeed, with the formation of a clot, all the platelets will remain in it, and in their serum will remain an insignificant number. Therefore, to preserve the blood in the liquid state using a special anticoagulant.
Enriched plasma
Using this method was a breakthrough.But for its application, it is necessary to understand what constitutes platelet-rich plasma. Normally, the concentration of these plates in the blood ranges from 150 to 350 x 109/ l. On average, each person has about 200 of them. But experts have found that to achieve a therapeutic effect it is necessary that their concentration reaches 1000 x 109/ l.
When the content of these records comes tothe indicated level, then human blood plasma is considered enriched. At a lower concentration, no therapeutic effect was observed. But it has also not been proven that excess dosage set at 1000 x 109/ l, does not accelerate the recovery processes.
Growth factors
Injection of blood, which is enriched with platelets, have a significant therapeutic effect. They contribute to an increase in the concentration of growth factors. Experts identify 4 indicators.
Так, существуют факторы роста эндотелия сосудов, epithelium, as well as transforming and platelet. They are always in certain ratios among themselves. But it must be understood that the enriched plasma contains adhesive molecules necessary for attaching the plates to the subendothelial cells. But it contains the same amount of them as in a regular bunch. Therefore, such plasma and serum do not become fibrin glue.
It is also important to understand that it does not have an osteoinductive effect. Enriched plasma cannot form bone without the presence of appropriate cells. She can simply accelerate their growth.
Operating principle
Обогащенная тромбоцитами плазма оказывает stimulating effect. It helps to accelerate the growth of blood vessels, the so-called angiogenesis. It also stimulates the mitosis of cells involved in the regeneration process. But such a plasma cannot improve non-cellular bone materials.
Для достижения эффекта активация должна быть held immediately before injection. After all, the secretion of 70% of growth factors takes place during the first 10 minutes. All of them are released within an hour. But even after this, platelets continue to synthesize them for another 8 days, and only after a specified period do they die.
Growth factors contribute to the fact that hemodynamics is normalized, tissue respiration and metabolism in them are improved.
Contraindications
Unfortunately, there are situations in which notrecommend injections. Thus, the method is contraindicated in patients with malignant neoplasms, serious mental problems, systemic blood diseases. Also before the procedure it is important to clarify whether the patient is allergic to sodium citrate. This anticoagulant is used to prevent blood clots.
It is also worth exploring the technology in detail.the procedure in the selected clinic. For example, to activate platelet aggregation requires the use of special systems. In some of them, bovine thrombin is used as a folding factor. We cannot exclude situations in which antibodies of blood plasma can be produced on it. It happens, of course, extremely rarely, but it can lead to serious complications. Other systems are currently developed using other folding agents. For example, it is safer to use the so-called fibrin matrix or type II collagen.
Use in dentistry
There are several options for howapply platelet-rich plasma. So, with its help you can stop the progression of periodontitis, strengthen periodontal tissues, prevent the loss of teeth and their loosening. Also, the plasma helps to remove bleeding gums and eliminate bad breath. In addition, it is used in implantology and for rehabilitation after maxillofacial operations.
Indications for the use of this technology are as follows:
- localized and generalized periodontitis;
- periodontitis;
- gingivitis;
- periimplantitis;
- operations to remove teeth, implantation.
The therapeutic effect is already visiblea week after using this technology. The composition of plasma, enriched with platelets, allows to stop inflammation and reduce pain, increase the chances of implant engraftment, improve tissue healing after surgical interventions, reduce bleeding gums.
Sports medicine
Достаточно часто плазма, обогащенная platelets used to treat and accelerate the recovery period after injuries. On this method of therapy, many sports doctors stop their choice.
So, if necessary, plasma can be introducedinto the damaged muscle, into the tendon sheath (after the restoration of its rupture) or directly into the joint. Each of these injections contributes to the fact that the processes of tissue regeneration are launched, and the stimulation of the synthesis of the necessary components to restore their structure begins. This method has become the optimal alternative to the introduction of hormonal drugs.
