In the vast majority of cases, developmentsyndrome occurs in men over 45 years of age who abuse alcohol. Malory-Weiss syndrome begins with a sudden increase in pressure in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. Vomiting often occurs with overeating, pancreatitis, pregnancy, cholecystitis, etc. Other causes may be severe coughing, hiccups, diaphragmatic hernia, blunt abdominal injuries, falling from a height. Clinical Syndrome
Melory-Weiss is manifested in the presence of vomit masses of blood, and during
first attacks blood is absent. In addition to emesis with blood impurities in patients
with this syndrome there are abdominal pains, as well as a chair of black color.
Malory-Weiss syndrome is diagnosed by endoscopic examination, which allows to determine longitudinal gaps in the esophageal mucosa.
There are also common signs of bleeding:cold sticky sweat, pale skin coloration, tachycardia, lethargy and hypotension. In some cases, Malory-Weiss syndrome can cause the development of shock. When analyzing blood, you can find a decrease in the number of red blood cells, a decrease in hemoglobin, an increase in the number of platelets.
To restore the volume of blood conservative therapy is used, oppressive Malory-Weiss syndrome. Treatment in this case is
the introduction of colloidal and crystalloid solutions. With severe blood loss
apply blood transfusion and metoclopramide. To stop bleeding
a Blackmore probe is used. Due to mechanical compression of the vessels
hemostatic effect. Stop bleeding can also be used
sodium ethamylate, aminocaproic acid, calcium chloride and octreatid.
Malory-Weiss syndrome also stopsendoscopically. For this, the place of bleeding is cut off by adrenaline, as a result of which a vasoconstrictive effect is achieved. The most effective method is
Argon-plasma coagulation, which makes it possible to obtain a stable
hemostasis. The introduction of epinephrine is combined with electrocoagulation. When introduced
Sclerosants (polidocanol) are also observedgood hemostatic effect. When developing the syndrome, vascular ligation is often used, by applying ligatures to the vessel. This method is especially justified in the varicose expansion of the esophagus and portal hypertension. A similar method is to impose on the bleeding vessels using the clip applicator.
Surgical treatment is prescribed in the absence of effect from endoscopic
ways and conservative treatment. In this case, the Beye operation is performed:
stitching of damaged blood vessels. In most cases, the prognosis for life with the development of the syndrome is favorable. Bleeding
stops by conservative, endoscopic treatment, or
surgical intervention, or independently.
Preventing a disease such as a syndromeMelory-Weiss is a timely prevention of vomiting and vomiting. The main cause of the syndrome is excessive alcohol intake and subsequent intoxication. Therefore, the main measure of preventive measures is the fight against excessive use of alcohol. Equally important is the
adequate and timely treatment of acute and chronic gastrointestinal diseases, which
accompanied by vomiting.
Diet in the syndrome should includethe use of boiled food products and steamed. Categorically contraindicated in the use of alcohol. It is not recommended to use lemons and other citrus fruits, as well as products that can injure the mucosa of the esophagus. From the diet should exclude marinades, smoked products and spices. A good means of folk medicine with esophageal cracks is the fasting of one tablespoon of pumpkin oil daily for a month.
