The term "pathology" has two main meanings.The first is a synonym for the disease, a painful condition, a deviation from the norm. In the second case, pathology is a science that studies these deviations, it has many sections and narrower areas dealing with certain organs or systems of organs. There are adjacent disciplines: patanatomy, and pathophysiology, histology, and others.
In general, this term is used inthe first meaning, as a synonym for the words "disease" or "morbid state". In this sense, we distinguish between congenital and acquired deviations. In the first case, violations occur at the stage of formation or intrauterine development, and in the second - during life.
As a rule, congenital pathology is an objectresearch, especially prenatal and perinatal diagnostics, that is, problems are detected even during pregnancy and immediately after birth. Serious violations are detected even in the first or the beginning of the second trimester. In many cases, even before they are detected, or even before the fact of pregnancy is established, its self-termination occurs. Most often this indicates gross chromosomal abnormalities, but sometimes indicates problems in the reproductive system of a woman. Acquired pathology can be due to diseases in more or less mature age - as a result of exposure to various kinds of factors. These include injuries, the effects of chemicals, diseases that have been transferred, and so on.
In general, "pathology" is one of the mostpopular in medicine terms. It can relate to any section: neurology, orthopedics, surgery, gastroenterology, gynecology, pediatrics, psychiatry and so on. In pathology, as in science, there are also several specialized sections dealing, for example, only with disruptions in the work of cells or explaining the occurrence of diseases by changing the internal environment of the organism, some disciplines even investigate the occurrence of diseases at the molecular level.
Лечение патологий осуществляется specialist doctors, depending on which patient is experiencing symptoms. There is one subtlety: due to various factors, the concept of norm changes, and in medicine such changes occur quite quickly and often. The fact that a couple of decades ago was considered a serious pathology, today can be a variant of the norm. On the other hand, if the deviation from the norm is treatable, why not get rid of it, even if it is not
By the way, "pathology" is a term used notonly in medicine. For example, this concept is used in sociology to refer to painful processes in society, which indicates that it is not healthy. For example, the so-called human actions and types of behavior that society perceives as immoral and harmful - alcoholism, drug addiction, crime, etc. Such phenomena weaken the functioning of the society, and therefore need to be countered.
So do not get scared when reading the word "pathology" in a medical card or a doctor's record, because in many cases it is just a synonym for the term "disease."
