Catarrhal diseases can not be caused byonly viruses. Quite often, the fault of bad health is bacteria, which can only be controlled with antibiotics. Many inexpensive antibiotics belong to the old generation and affect pathogenic microorganisms selectively. Consider the most effective drugs in this category.
When are antibiotics needed?
Virtually every person facesmanifestations of cold symptoms several times a year. Nasal congestion, slight fever, sore throat are the first signs of ARVI. In this case, even inexpensive antibiotics are not necessary. The active ingredients that are present in these preparations do not affect the viability of the viruses.
In the absence of proper treatment for viraldiseases often occur complications in the form of a bacterial infection. This can be determined by the deterioration of the condition, increased temperature, increased lymph nodes, severe pain in the throat. Cough, pain in the ears, raids on the tonsils can also appear. Similar symptoms usually occur on the 5th-6th day of ARVI development.
Antiviral drugs are not capable ofto resist staphylococci and streptococci. Disease-causing microorganisms, in turn, can penetrate deeper into the respiratory tract, which will only exacerbate the situation and prolong the period of recovery. To prevent the development of complications, it is necessary to start taking antibiotics on time in the cold. Low-cost and effective drugs are prescribed by the doctor, given the type of causative agent of the disease, the age of the patient and the features of the course of the disease. Usually they are recommended for use as part of complex therapy.
Types of antibiotics
Existing antibacterial drugs canSuppress the proliferation of pathogenic microbes or cause their death. In the first case, it is a bacteriostatic effect, and in the second case it is bactericidal. Modern antibiotics possess both that and other mechanism of influence on vital activity of pathogenic microbes. What kind of medicine is suitable in a particular case, can only be determined by a doctor.
When fighting colds, the following types of antibiotics are prescribed:
- Penicillins are low-toxic agents thatcan be used in large dosages. They can be natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic. Rarely cause side effects and have a minimum of contraindications. This group includes such drugs as Amoxicillin, Ospamox, Amoxiclav, Flemoxin Solutab.
- Cephalosporins are relatively inexpensiveantibiotics. With a cold, they are often prescribed as injections (intravenously or intramuscularly). In the tablet form ("Tsefaleksin", "Zinnat", "Supraks", "Cefixim"), medicines have varying degrees of therapeutic effect.
- Macrolides are one of the safest antibiotics. "Erythromycin", "Clarithromycin", "Azithromycin" is prescribed with intolerance penicillin group of funds.
- Fluoroquinols - have a bactericidal effect andcreate high concentrations in tissues. Preparations of the last generation ("Ciprofloxacin", "Levofloxacin") are used for respiratory diseases of chronic course.
How to choose?
To choose an inexpensive antibiotic of a wide spectrumAction without the help of a specialist is rather difficult. Each drug produces its therapeutic effect, has contraindications to the use and a number of side effects. Therefore, without consulting a specialist to use this group of medicines for treatment is highly not recommended.
Preparations of the group of cephalosporins and penicillinsthe old generation basically prevents further multiplication of pathogens, and tetracyclines, fluoroquinols and macrolides are able to completely suppress protein synthesis in microbial cells. Some are more often used to treat inflammatory processes in the respiratory system, others will help with diseases of the genitourinary or digestive system.
Antibiotics for colds
Inexpensive and effective antibacterialmedicines are produced mainly by domestic pharmaceutical companies. However, experts often assign more expensive foreign counterparts. For example, with bacterial sore throat, not only "Augmentin", but also inexpensive "Ampicillin" can be used for treatment. In general, antibiotics of the penicillin series are considered to be most effective in inflammatory processes in the organs of the upper respiratory system. They are also used in pediatric practice.
Cephalosporins possess powerful therapeuticand are often prescribed for the treatment of bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis in adult patients. "Cephalexin", "Cefaclor", "Tsefazolin" - inexpensive antibiotics, which possess high bactericidal activity. The first and second generation of these medicines have a narrow range of effects. Cephalosporins of 3rd and 4th generation show high activity with respect to Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes.
"Amoxicillin": description of the drug
"Amoxicillin" is a semisynthetic antibiotic from the category of penicillins. Like any other drug, it can be used for treatment strictly in the presence of certain indications.
The preparation is in the form of a suspension fororal administration, tablets, capsules and a dry substance for the preparation of injections. It is an inexpensive antibiotic of a wide range of therapeutic effects that will be effective in diseases of the respiratory and digestive system, skin pathologies.
To the active substance,sensitivity of streptococcus, staphylococcus, gonococcus, meningococcus, chlamydia, salmonella, klebsiella, shigella, anaerobic microorganisms. Apply "Amoxicillin" for the treatment of the youngest patients, calculating the dosage depending on the weight of the child.
Contraindications and side effects
The drug is prohibited in the following cases:
- intolerance or hypersensitivity to penicillins;
- the need for treatment of mononucleosis, lymphocytic leukemia;
- severe liver disease in history;
- disruption of the digestive system against a background of severe infection.
Inexpensive broad-spectrum antibiotic"Amoxicillin", like other penicillins, causes some side effects more often than other antibiotics. It manifests itself usually in the form of allergic reactions: urticaria, itching, redness of the skin. Less often there is a nausea, a headache, a diarrhea, a rhinitis, raised tear.
The drug "Cephalexin"
Another inexpensive antibacterial agent fromgroup of 1st generation cephalosporins. The drug exhibits the greatest activity against streptococci, protea, esherekhia and klebsiella. Do not use it if the pathogen is gram-negative bacteria, enterococci. "Cephalexin" is released in the form of tablets with a dosage of 250 and 500 mg, as well as granules for the preparation of a suspension.
Apply antibacterial agent is necessarywith infectious lesions of ENT organs and respiratory system, diseases of the genital area, purulent pathologies of the skin. It is worth paying attention to this remedy if cheap antibiotics are needed.
With a cold, it should be used with a specialcaution. The active substance can cause a number of side effects: dysbacteriosis, abdominal pain, allergic skin reactions, dry mouth. Medication is taken in large doses, which can provoke the development of candidiasis of the genitals and intestines, colitis, vaginitis, diarrhea, nausea, convulsions.
"Azithromycin": instructions for use
"Azithromycin" is an inexpensive antibiotic of a widetherapeutic effect, related to macrolides. In the form of tablets, the drug contains 250 and 500 mg of the active ingredient. Also, the agent is discharged in the form of a powder for the preparation of a suspension. In 20 ml of the prepared solution there are 100, 200 or 500 mg of azithromycin dehydrate.
Use Azithromycin for coldsOnly if there are serious indications. Antibiotic prescribe for angina, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia, otitis, tonsillitis, scarlet fever. The active component is able to cope with the majority of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, microorganisms synthesizing beta-lactamase.
Reviews about the drug
Inexpensive antibiotics for adults and children canused in the treatment of a variety of diseases of bacterial etiology. The agent "Azithromycin" has not only a powerful antimicrobial effect, but also has an immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory effect. The drug rarely causes side effects. Unlike other antibiotics (penicillins and cephalosporins), it should be taken within 3-5 days.
