Многие пары мечтают о том, чтобы примерить на yourself the role of young parents. Unfortunately, this desire is not always realized. One of the causes of this problem is missed abortion. Blame for this pathology can be both father and mother. That is why it is so important at the planning stage to undergo a full examination of both partners. What to do if the pregnancy stopped at an early period? How to prevent this pathology?
general information
Pregnancy is a condition whenwhere the fetus stops growing and developing, causing it to die. Signs of spontaneous abortion may be absent, but the embryo remains in the uterus. That is why this pathology is also called a failed miscarriage. Fading can happen at any time, but most often it occurs in the first trimester. 3-4th and 8th-10th weeks are considered the most dangerous.
What happens during missed abortion?The fertilized egg is sent to the uterus, where it is implanted. After some time, the growth of the embryo stops. Another option for missed abortion is considered empty egg syndrome. In this case, the fetal membranes develop, chorionic gonadotropin is synthesized, but the embryo itself is absent. If you do a pregnancy test, the result will be positive. Doctors distinguish various chromosomal pathologies among the main causes affecting the onset of empty egg syndrome.
How often is missed abortion diagnosed?
According to statistics, every secondwomen pregnancy "freezes" and ends in spontaneous abortion. This usually happens before the lady finds out about her interesting position. The risk of developing this pathology after the test shows a positive result is no more than 20%.
How to determine missed abortion in the early stages?
Fetal development and growth over ninemonths depends on many factors. Sometimes a certain set of circumstances can lead to stopping this process and the death of the embryo. Fading symptoms are very pronounced, and medical diagnosis usually does not cause difficulties. The first sign of missed abortion in the early stages is the disappearance of a condition that is characteristic of a woman in the position. In this case, you must consult a doctor. An ultrasound specialist will be able to determine the presence or absence of pathology. After that, appropriate treatment is prescribed.
Causes of pathology
Почему замирает беременность на раннем сроке?This is the question that women ask who have already had to face this problem. Doctors identify a number of factors that may affect the formation of the pathological process.
- Chromosomal and genetic abnormalities.This is the most common cause of miscarriage. When the embryo inherits a pathological gene or an extra chromosome, in the process of development, it appears various defects. Most often, they are incompatible with life, so the fetus dies inside the womb. There is a rule of natural selection. Nature itself decides that it is wrong to produce an incapacitated baby to the light, therefore “terminating” the pregnancy. A genetic abnormality can also occur while smoking or drinking alcohol.
- Infections.A huge role in the genesis of missed abortion belongs to infectious diseases. These include rubella, toxoplasmosis, herpes infection. Should not be ignored sexual diseases and commonplace cold. Especially dangerous is infection in the first trimester. Infectious agents after penetrating the placenta affect the fetus. They may interfere with the normal implantation and nutrition of the embryo. As a result, it turns out that the pregnancy stopped at an early period.
- Violations of the hormonal background. Deficiency of the main hormone pregnancy progesterone may be one of the causes of fading.
- Autoimmune pathology.With such diseases in the mother's body, antibodies begin to be produced. They struggle not with alien elements, but with their own cells. It is known that the embryo inherits about 50% of the genes of the mother. As a result, antibodies begin to kill the cells of the fetus, which leads to its death.
- Teratozoospermia.In missed abortion sometimes the father himself is guilty. Teratozoospermia usually causes male infertility. If the child is still able to conceive, usually its development stops at the initial stages. Teratozoospermia is a pathology of spermatozoa, which is expressed in their anomalous structure. It can manifest itself in the form of an irregular head, a short tail, or an inflection.
- Неправильный образ жизни.The occurrence of a missed abortion is affected by the nutrition of the future woman, her mode of work and rest, addiction. We should not forget about possible adverse reactions after the use of drugs. Considerable importance belongs to the age of the woman. The older it is, the higher the likelihood of pathology.
The above are only the most common.causes of miscarriage. In fact, there are a great many. In each case, only a doctor can determine what caused the fading of pregnancy.
Signs of missed abortion
Многие женщины обеспокоены вопросом, как recognize missed abortion in the early period at home? All the cunning of this condition is that it is often asymptomatic. From the moment of death of the fetus to the immediate miscarriage can take several days and sometimes weeks. What signs of missed abortion in early periods should pay particular attention?
In the first place a woman disappearssymptoms characterizing pregnancy: toxicosis, weakness, malaise. Nausea and vomiting, intolerance to some odors disappear. However, if the signs of toxicosis during pregnancy were weak, this parameter should not be paid attention to.
Понижение базальной температуры также является a sign of fetal death. Such changes appear on the background of a decrease in the level of progesterone, since it is this hormone that is responsible for maintaining pregnancy. Basal temperature is recommended to measure in the morning in the rectum. Before and directly during the measurement several hours must be without movement. The basal temperature with missed early pregnancy usually decreases and does not exceed 37 degrees.
A softening of the breast may also indicatefading fetus. From the moment the baby is conceived, women almost immediately swell and become painful mammary glands. After his death, his chest relaxes, but you should not panic right away. According to the testimony of many women, for all nine months of pregnancy, the breast can tighten and relax several times. Doctors explain this fact hormonal changes.
Тянущая боль в нижней зоне живота и кровянистые discharge rarely signaling this pathology. This is its main difference from self-miscarriage. In any case, with the appearance of discharge or discomfort, it is necessary to consult a gynecologist.
The listed symptoms do not always indicateabout fading of the fetus. They can occur during normal current pregnancies. If you have the above symptoms of missed abortion in the early stages, it is recommended to seek medical help to clarify the diagnosis.
Medical diagnosis
Confirm or refute the diagnosis of "frozenpregnancy ”can only be a specialist after the appropriate examination. The first stage is ultrasound. Using ultrasound, you can check the viability of the embryo and determine its approximate size. The doctor also measures the degree of increase in the uterus, the thickness of the chorion. If the results of the examination are doubtful, the specialist will schedule a follow-up visit after 12 days. It should be noted that the quality of equipment plays an important role in obtaining reliable and most informative data. Sometimes old ultrasound machines can “overlook” the presence of a heartbeat in a fetus, which leads to a wrong diagnosis.
Then the woman is prescribed a blood test for beta-hCG.With missed abortion in the early stages, a decrease in this indicator is observed, which indicates intrauterine fetal death. Normal is considered a gradual increase in the content of this hormone in the blood.
Treatment of miscarriage
If a miscarriage of a woman is suspectedhospitalized. If pregnancy has stopped at an early period, all the efforts of doctors should be directed not at preserving the fetus, but at restoring the health of the woman.
After conducting a full examination (ultrasound, hCG)assigned evacuation of the ovum. If the embryo is dead for no more than 14 days, doctors resort to waiting tactics. Another indication is the absence of signs of spontaneous abortion and infection of the uterus. The level of the hormone hCG with a frozen pregnancy in the early stages gradually decreases. The uterus begins to contract and push the fertilized egg.
However, doctors most often resort tosurgical intervention. Fetal egg and its shell are removed by scraping. For a period of up to 7 weeks, a medical abortion is usually used. After surgery, hysteroscopy is required. In the postoperative period, women are prescribed antibacterial agents for the prevention of endometritis and chorionamnionitis.
Recovery period
After identifying the causes of fading pregnancy andcourse of treatment a woman needs to recuperate. This usually takes no more than six months. During this period, you should adhere to a healthy lifestyle and be sure to use contraception. Some women need counseling from a psychologist. A specialist helps to overcome all fears about future pregnancy planning.
What to pass tests after a miscarriage?
Before you conceive a child after a fading pregnancy, doctors recommend passing the following tests:
- Vaginal smear on STDs;
- ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs;
- a blood test to assess the levels of progesterone and estrogen;
- histological examination of the biological material of the uterus.
If missed abortion was diagnosedalready several times, both partners need to undergo genetic compatibility testing. If the test results do not show serious irregularities, you can think about conception.
Prevention of missed abortion
To prevent a repetition of this situationDoctors recommend that you follow certain preventive measures even before conception. In the presence of infections that are transmitted directly through sex, it is necessary to undergo a course of treatment. If you have not had a rubella or chickenpox as a child, all vaccinations should be given before conceiving. This is especially true of those women whose work is related to children.
Symptoms of missed early pregnancyinspire fear in many representatives of the fair sex. In order not to face the manifestations of this pathology, doctors recommend adhering to a healthy lifestyle and eating rationally. In addition, it is necessary to abandon addiction, spend more time on physical activity.
Let's sum up the results
To find out that the pregnancy stopped early,can absolutely any woman. This pathology is not always indicative of pathological abnormalities in the functioning of the organism, but it is still worth examining. According to its results, the doctor can prescribe the necessary treatment and give useful recommendations.
