Chickenpox in a child: symptoms, forms, prevention

Ветряная оспа у ребенка в возрасте до 10 лет is more common than in adults, and is much easier to tolerate. The disease is infectious, characterized by fever and a rash on the skin and mucosa.

Chicken Pox in a Child: epidemiology

From the moment the rash appeared on the body, andfive days after the appearance of its last elements, the patient serves as a source of infection. When the crusts begin to form and fall off, it is already infectious. Some researchers believe that the varicella-zoster virus can remain in the human body for a very long time. After the disease, the latent infection can persist and last for years. Under the influence of adverse factors, it is activated and manifests as shingles. Infection occurs directly through the air: when coughing, runny nose, sneezing, the virus along with drops of liquid enters the body. The pathogen is not very stable, so its transmission through things is not observed.

Chicken Pox in a Child: symptoms

On average, it takes two weeks for the pathogen to enter a weakened body until the first signs of the disease appear.

Sometimes this period can be shortened to 11 days.or lengthen to 21. During the day, the general condition somewhat deteriorates, the temperature slightly rises. Immediately after it rises to 38-40 °, or after a short time, the first bubbles appear. A rash occurs in no particular order on the head, face, on the limbs and torso. It is a small shiny bubbles filled with transparent content, which flows when punctured. After a couple of days they dry up. Another week or three brown crusts fall away. Some papules have time to dry before reaching the stage of the bubble. A person is worried about itching The rash does not occur immediately, but in jerks. In this regard, the fever can be delayed up to 8 days. Sometimes there are rashes and mucous membranes.

Chicken Pox in a Child: clinical forms

The classification depends on the abundance of the rash and the severity of the common manifestations.

1. Pustular form. In this case, the bubbles are filled with pus. After peeling crusts can remain scars.

2. Bullous form.When it, in addition to the characteristic rash, still appear large flabby bubbles with opaque content. When they burst, a weeping surface appears in their place. After healing often remain brownish spots.

3. Gangrenous form.Some vesicles are filled with blood. In their place dying scabs are formed. After falling away, deep sores remain with a dirty bottom and steep edges. With the progression of the disease, they can increase.

4. Hemorrhagic form. It manifests itself in weak children. A day or two after the appearance of a rash, hemorrhages in the mucous membranes and skin occur, vomiting of blood is possible.

Chickenpox in children: prevention

It is based on sanitaryevents. The patient must be 9 days in complete isolation (it is possible and at home), starting with the onset of the rash. Then the room is well ventilated. Disinfection can be avoided, since the virus is already unstable. In order to prevent chickenpox vaccination, children are given to those who are already one year old. There is evidence that the vaccine "Okavaks" creates immunity for 20 years. Its formation begins on the first day of vaccination and ends after six weeks.