Each mother cares about the health of her child.Therefore, it is so important for her to carefully look after the baby in order to detect the primary symptoms of possible pathologies and begin to treat them in time. It is quite rare, but it is considered dangerous for the child's condition - congenital lactose intolerance, when the baby can not internalize the milk of the mother. Children with a similar disease need special dietary nutrition. Because they can not consume dairy products, it is necessary to ensure that the immature organism in sufficient quantity assimilates vitamins D and calcium in other possible ways.
Lactase deficiency will be discussed in detail in this article.
Description of pathology
Lactose intolerance is a pathology, as a resultwhich the child's body is unable to self-assimilate protein, which is contained in milk. Such a diagnosis is voiced during the first months of a baby's life, since the infant at this time only feeds on breast milk. It is necessary to know that the signs become more vivid, it all depends on the amount of milk - if there are many, the consequences of such nutrition are more difficult to bear. Lactose insufficiency can go into and into adulthood.
What is lactase, lactose and itsintolerance? Lactase is a special enzyme that is produced by intestinal cells. It is he who can split lactose, which is the main ingredient of milk of various origins. Lactase must break down complex sugars into simple sugars in order to be absorbed more quickly into the walls of the baby's intestines. This is the so-called galactose and glucose. Sugar is very important for our body - this is one of the main sources of energy. When very little lactose is produced in the intestine, or if its synthesis has stopped altogether, such unquantified milk eventually leads to diarrhea. In such a milky environment, bacteria are always planted, which produce waste of life, form gases - the main cause of bloating and colic.
How is lactose deficiency classified?
In its kind, lactose deficiency is divided into primary and secondary.
First view
В данном случае лактаза производится в кишечнике, its quantity is in order, but its effectiveness is at a lower level, this is the main reason why milk is not absorbed by the body. Very rare cases when such an enzyme is not produced at all
The primary type of lactose deficiency isone subspecies is transient. Quite often it is observed in premature babies and may be the reason that lactase begins to be produced only from 37 weeks, and at a period of 34 weeks such an enzyme is just beginning to be produced by the body. Transient insufficiency often quickly disappears a couple of weeks after birth, when the baby grows and grows stronger.
What else is lactose insufficiency?
Secondary type of insufficiency
With this type of lactase deficiencyenterocytes are affected, it is precisely because of this that the production of the enzyme is disrupted. Very often the cause of this type of disease is allergic reactions in the intestine, as well as various inflammatory processes. A timely approach to treatment and diagnosis can well cope with this ailment.
Symptoms of lactose insufficiency
How does the disease manifest itself? The following features are possible:
- In addition to bloating, rumbling in the abdomen, gas and bubbling often occur.
- There are painful colic due to air in the intestines.
- The most noticeable sign of the disease is a severe bloating after each feeding.
- A baby can feel pain when emptying the intestines.
- It is necessary to pay attention to the child's chair.The smell of sour milk from feces is felt. If this is a secondary form, the child's chair can be green, clods and mucus may be present. This is a common symptom of lactose insufficiency in children under one year.
- In some cases, the child may havecontractions, it is impossible to miss. The baby becomes very moody, begins to wriggle all over. He will start trying to pull his legs to his stomach and cry hard.
- The child constantly tears, he often begins to regurgitate.
- Strongly dehydrated organism in the child. This sign begins to appear already in its first days, if we are dealing with a pronounced lack of lactose.
- The kid behaves very sluggishly and he has no interest in the world around him.
- A crumb does not sleep well.
Contrary to the above symptoms, lactoseChild deficiency has almost no bad effect on appetite. The child may pounce on his chest with great zeal, but after a while he will start crying and pressing his legs to his stomach at the same time.
In the early days, almost no lactose deficiencymanifested - signs are cumulative in nature and arise on the rise. First of all, the abdominal distention makes itself known, then the baby begins to feel abdominal pain, and at the final stage, the chair is broken. Symptoms of lactose deficiency in children under one year should be aware of all parents.
Extremely important:almost all of these symptoms are characteristic primarily during primary lactose intolerance. In addition to these signs, secondary insufficiency is expressed primarily in the presence of green stools, mucus and lumps in the stool.
What is the test for lactose deficiency?
Diagnosis of the disease
Few signs of illness alone todiagnose the disease. For the correct diagnosis and the appointment of a suitable treatment need to conduct various laboratory tests. Usually the doctor provides directions for the necessary tests.
- Carbohydrate analysis of feces.
Needed in order to determine the concentrationcarbohydrates. This is the fastest, simple and cheap way to find out how much carbohydrate is in the feces. According to these results, it is possible to determine how well lactose is absorbed. The normal carbohydrate content in children under one year is not more than 0.25. Minor deviations of 0.5% are normal, but if this number exceeds 1%, then this will be a serious case. There are also disadvantages to this analysis - according to the results, it is possible to reveal the presence of lactose intolerance, but it is impossible to find out the reason for this pathology.
What else to pass the analysis for lactose deficiency?
- Biopsy of the mucous membrane of the small intestine.
This analysis will determine how active lactase is in the actions of the digestive tract. This is a simple method for detecting milk protein intolerance.
- Analysis of feces for dysbiosis.
If the allergic origin of the child’s disease is suspected, it may be sent for another blood test.
Доктор Комаровский проводил статистику, в ходе which found that lactose intolerant suffers 18% of the total number of newborns. This is almost every fifth baby born in our country. With this ailment, adults can easily tolerate this disease, since they do not need to use one milk, and they have the opportunity to go on a diet that would exclude lactose. With young children, this method does not turn around, because mother's milk for them is the basis of nutrition. So, it is better to detect the disease and then use all the necessary methods as early as possible so that the child can adapt.
Genetic test for lactose deficiency
Important in the diagnosis ismolecular genetic study on susceptibility to lactase deficiency. The analysis will help in the differential diagnosis of the causes of malabsorption of lactose and in the selection of an appropriate diet.
Treatment
If the baby’s diagnosis is still confirmed,This does not yet mean that you need to abandon mother's milk in his diet. Mom can also safely continue to breastfeed the baby, while giving him medicines that contain lactase before feeding (Lactase Enzyme and Lactase Baby). Such a disease needs to begin to be treated as quickly as possible, thus, it will be possible to protect against future complications.
Doses that are prescribed by a doctor are strictlyindividual. As the infant's enzymatic system begins to develop, the doses of the medicine will gradually decrease. What you need to do in order to prepare the medicinal mixture before feeding:
- Whatever brand of drug you acquire, the actions are usually the same. It is necessary to express some milk - about 10-15 will be quite enough.
- Pour the right amount of powder into the milk. It should be borne in mind that "Lactase Baby" diluted in liquid is much faster and easier than "Lactase Enzyme".
- It is necessary to infuse the mixture in order for the fermentation to take place, it takes about 3-5 minutes. At this time, the lactase will break down the milk carbohydrates contained in the liquid front milk.
- Give the mixture to the baby before feeding, and then continue to feed him as usual.
- Give the baby the drug diluted in milk before feeding.
Features of feeding
Children with a modified chair with lactose deficiency lure is introduced a little earlier. It is necessary at the same time to ensure that the diet was varied and balanced in nutrients.
What can feed a child?
It is very important to make porridges and mashed vegetables without milk; use diluted lactose free mixtures for this.
Fruit and berry juices can be started already.from 6 months, but it is also important to monitor the possible appearance of an allergic reaction. Little by little it will be possible to add various dairy products, such as cheese, live yogurts.
Milk and other dairy products in the diet of a child who is older than one year should be replaced with low-lactose dishes. If they can not be purchased, then you can give your baby lactase in capsules.
If there is intolerance to milk protein, the child should not eat any food that contains condensed milk and other milk fillers. And many sweets will have to forget.
Treatment of lactose deficiency should be carried out only under the supervision of a physician.
What else should be excluded from the diet?
It is necessary to reduce consumption to a minimum or exclude it altogether:
- caffeine. Do not drink tea and coffee, they contain this substance;
- sugar;
- baking;
- do not take alcohol in any form or strength;
- нужно внимательно читать этикетки на продуктах в stores, do not eat products with dyes and preservatives (it will be extremely difficult to implement, since the main range of stores contains these substances);
- food with a high content of hot spices, pickles - cucumbers, mushrooms and others;
- no matter how fresh it is to eat dishes without seasoning - but this is necessary during breastfeeding;
- Do not eat what may cause allergies in a child, for example, various exotic fruits or berries, and also do not eat red vegetables;
- do not eat yeast bread;
- legumes;
- grapes
Diet for lactose deficiency is very important.
What can be eaten?
It is necessary to adhere to the following recommendations:
- good habit - often drink different compotes of dried apricots or prunes (it is better to start with prunes, because dried apricots may be allergenic);
- fresh vegetables and berries (exclude allergens from them), vegetables can be eaten boiled, stewed and raw;
- there is as much grain cereals as possible; a wonderful way is to eat sprouted wheat shoots;
- if you really want something tasty, you can eat almond nuts, jelly or marshmallow, but do not abuse it;
- from six months you can already start eating exotic fruits in small quantities, you can also eat some chocolate in the morning, but only black, because it contains the least milk;
- when the child is six months old, you can slowly return to the diet fried foods, but only with a small amount of vegetable oil.
Products for lactose deficiency must be carefully selected.
Successful recovery depends largely on the nutrition of the child and the mother, as well as on the medication that contains the right amount of lactase.
