Камень в желчном пузыре образуется в результате cholelithiasis. This is due to a violation of the exchange of cholesterol and bilirubin and, as a consequence, the formation of deposits in the bladder (cholecystolithiasis), or in the bile duct (choledocholithiasis).
Disease appears due to stagnation of bile and changesits composition, inflammatory processes. When it is oversaturated with cholesterol, it precipitates, and cholesterol crystals begin to form. Bilirubin stones may appear with increased disintegration of red blood cells. Mixed species combine both forms and contain bilirubin, calcium, cholesterol.
The stone in the gallbladder, the symptoms of whichfor a long time does not appear, can be detected only as a result of ultrasound. Symptoms of the disease affect the location of stones, the degree of inflammation and damage to other digestive organs.
When the stone in the gallbladder comes out andmoves along the ducts, there are bouts of colic in the form of sudden and sharp pain on the right side of the upper abdomen. Painful sensations are often accompanied by nausea and vomiting, dry mouth. A bout of pain can last up to several hours. The pain itself passes or after the application of pain medications. In order to establish an accurate diagnosis, you must immediately consult a doctor at the first manifestations of the disease.
Камень в желчном пузыре можно своевременно To find out only after carrying out of the advanced diagnostics and laboratory researches. First of all, ultrasound and X-ray of the digestive organs are performed. If a controversial situation arises, endoscopy or magnetic resonance cholangiography may be prescribed.
After the conducted researches the consultation at the surgeon is necessary to choose the correct tactics of treatment.
Treatment of cholelithiasis is carried out conservatively or operatively.
Conservative method includes treatmentmedicinal preparations and shock-wave choleliotrepsy. It is used in the formation of cholesterol stones, measuring no more than 15 mm and in the absence of inflammatory processes in the gallbladder.
Preparations containing ursodeoxycholic acid,take from six months to one year. By their action, these drugs dissolve cholesterol stones. However, with this method of treatment, the probability of re-education is 50%. Such treatment is carried out only under the supervision of the attending physician. Treatment with shock waves allows the fragmentation of large fragments into small parts. Then you need to take drugs ursodeoxycholic acid. Repeated education occurs only in 30% of cases.
When stones are found in the gallbladder, surgeryshould be conducted in a planned manner. It is advisable before the onset of colic or immediately after it, in order to avoid the development of complications. After the operation, it is necessary to follow a strict individual diet, completely eliminate from the diet fried and fatty foods. Completely eliminate the use of alcoholic beverages.
This disease is dangerous for various complications.In the presence of gallstones, an infection can occur simultaneously that provokes the development of acute cholecystitis. In this case, there is inflammation of the ducts and a large accumulation of pus. Such complications threaten the health and life of the patient. In all cases, urgent hospitalization is needed in the surgical hospital, to detect the exact location of the stones and further treatment. Otherwise, serious consequences, dangerous for life, are possible.
