Abroad, a child can leave with one or both parents, adoptive parents or guardians, as well as with accompanying persons. Independent departure is also possible.
Document
To leave the child must havedocuments for crossing the border, one of the mandatory is the passport. You can make out both a new biometric and an old one. According to the documents of the father or mother, the child can not leave. If the parents have passports of the old type, the inclusion of data on the minor citizen in them serves only as a confirmation of the relationship, but the departure of minors is not possible at the same time. In new foreign passports, having an electronic medium, a record of children is not made. The photograph must be present in the passport, regardless of the age of the minor citizen.
When leaving the country, minorsmust have documents proving the relationship (birth, custody, marriage, etc.), among which the power of attorney for the child's export abroad is also mandatory. If the parents' surnames are different, then it is necessary to present a copy of the marriage certificate certified by a notary.
If the mother or father is abroad, theymust apply to the consulate for the necessary documents. They then go by mail so that the child is allowed to travel abroad and was able to travel outside the country.
Differences between old and new passports
Old and new passports are almost the same, forexcept for a few differences. The first is a microchip built into the new sample, which contains a lot of personal data, the second one is a two-dimensional picture, and the third is the validity of foreign passports. The old one has five years, and the new one has ten.
Registration of the passport
Passport for a minor childis registered only by parents or guardians, independent receipt by his minor person is excluded. Documents are filed at the place of residence. The cost of the old passport and biometric is very different in value.
At the place of registration, the passport is issued inFor a month, if this happens in another city, then the terms increase fourfold. Copies will be required: certificates of birth, passports and passports of parents. Also, receipts of the paid state duty, photographs, questionnaire and power of attorney for the child's export abroad are needed. It is necessary and confirmation of citizenship.
Registration of biometric passport
You can make a biometric passport thatsuitable for children up to one year. For this you need: a completed application form, photocopies of passports and inserts about the citizenship of the parents, a birth certificate for the baby and 3 matte black and white photographs.
Parental consent
Crossing the border by children is only possible withconsent of the persons responsible for the child. At the same time, the permission of both parents for exporting a child from the country is not required - a positive decision of either the father or the mother is enough. However, sometimes there are exceptions (this is a little lower). If the consent of the second parent can not be obtained for any reason, a document is provided that confirms these circumstances. For example:
- form number 25 from the registry office, if the mother has a certificate of a single person;
- certificate of death of the absent parent;
- if it is impossible to determine its location - a certificate from the Ministry of Internal Affairs;
- the court's decision.
It is impossible to leave if one of the parents agrees with the second. In this case, the situation can be resolved only in court.
But it must be taken into account that not all countries canEnter without the consent of the second parent. And in many cases, a legally required consent will be required for those responsible for minors. In some countries, they will still be asked at the entrance to present permits from two parents (it is possible without legal registration), sometimes even though the child is traveling with both.
Parental disagreement
Responsible for the child (parent, guardian,guardian) may not give his consent to the removal of a minor citizen abroad. To do this, he must submit a statement of disagreement to the territorial migration service, border control or to the consulate.
Execution of power of attorney
If a minor is taken out of the countryrelatives or strangers, you will need a power of attorney to take the child abroad. For example, if it is sent to rest to relatives abroad, to a children's camp, for treatment, excursion, etc. A power of attorney is a document that is notarized and presented when leaving the customs or border guard service.
A power of attorney is required from both parents or,if any, a guardian who is registered with a third party. In this case, the child must have a separate passport and a copy of the birth certificate. If there is no second parent, then it is necessary to provide documents on the reasons for his absence. All, except the passport, is issued by a notary. If instead of a power of attorney simple consent is made to leave unaccompanied, then the responsibility for the minor, if something happens, the persons who travel with him will not be born.
No power of attorney required
A power of attorney is not required ifThe minor travels with his mother or father, and there is no injunction to leave the country. And in the event that he travels for a short time, and outside the country does not provide for a permanent place of residence or his adoption. But at the same time it is necessary to take the birth certificate anyway, because at the customs it can be asked for it.
Which countries require a power of attorney
The rules for the export of children abroad provide forthe design of a power of attorney, which, however, is not needed in all countries. For example, it will be required in the Netherlands, Ireland, Croatia, Estonia, England, Germany, France, Bulgaria, Chile and Canada. If a minor is traveling with one of the parents, then the power of attorney is needed from the second, if without them, then from both.
At the entrance to Belarus, Moldova, Ukraine,Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan will need it as well. In some states, it needs to be translated into the local language. In Egypt and Turkey, a second power of attorney is not required.
If the names of parents and children do not match, then it is necessary to have documents confirming the relationship.
Timing
It is necessary to specify the dates for visiting countries,filling out a power of attorney for the removal of a child abroad, it is better if they are "with a margin," since unforeseen situations may arise. The law of the Russian Federation, the period for which it is issued, is not defined, although by general rules it is basically 3 years. The document can be issued only before the coming of age of the child.
Typically, notaries draw up a document of not more thanfor three months, referring to the recommendations of the Notary Chamber. But for a long time it is useless to make out it, since the border service requires fresh documents for departure.
Schengen visa for children
The removal of minor children abroad often involves the presence of a Schengen visa, which requires the following:
- application for its receipt (to be completed in two copies and signed by parents or guardians);
- photographs according to the established pattern;
- copies of parental passports (or guardians);
- travel card of the child or a copy and the original of the parents' passports where the data on the minor are entered;
- birth certificate - can be both original and certified copy of a notary;
- certificate from a kindergarten or school;
- certificate from the parents' work;
- the policy of medical insurance of the child;
- confirmation of financial securitythe minor. If the child travels separately from his parents, then a sponsorship letter is needed to confirm the relationship of the document and an extract from the bank for the person who acts as a sponsor, where the funds are registered and the salary is indicated.
Documents are translated before filing in English (or in the language of the country being the final destination). Do not require the transfer of a passport, bank information and insurance policy.
In the absence of a mother or father,provide documents in addition: deprivation of parental rights by the court, death certificate or certificate of the mother (father) -one. For the trustees - confirmation of the competent institution.
How to apply for a child under the age of 1 year
For traveling abroad, even a child under one year of ageneed a passport. But there are a number of nuances. If his parents have documents of the old sample, the minor can be written on a separate page, pasting a photo there. But if the parents have biometric passports, then there is no possibility to enter the child in them, so a separate one is made out. Regular passports are prepared in one month, but you also need a visa, which is made for the child separately.
Passport to a child up to one year is issued onlya new sample - biometric. His service life is 10 years. Despite the fact that the infant is changing over the years, individual biometric data remain the same. You can get a document not only on time, but also in an accelerated mode, but its cost will be much higher.
For registration of the child, they are taken to OVIR, where they digitize his biometric data. This procedure is not at all dangerous and simple.
For registration there is an order of export of children forwhere you first need to fill out a questionnaire. This is done by a person who represents the child's interests documentarily. Together with the questionnaire four photos of the kid, copies of documents of parents or guardians, two kinds of applications for delivery of the passport afterwards are submitted. If the passport was already issued before, then a copy of it is required.
