To study all the stages of solving problems on a computer,need to know more and more detail. Those who at least have an idea of what a computer is, it will be easier to understand this question. But the one who first encounters this abbreviation will have to learn a lot of new things.
The concept of
Almost everyone has heard about computers but fewrepresents what it is. As Wikipedia says, we have a set of technical means. Even such an interpretation can explain little. In short, we are talking about a device or mechanism that is equipped with certain functions. Among them there are logical actions, memorizing, indication, etc.
Each of them is on the electronic element.The latter, in turn, are responsible for the automatic processing of information during certain processes. By them are meant computational or informational tasks.
Features
Before the problem solving steps were formedon a computer, the term was looking for itself. Many people think that a computer is a computer. But the latter device has a wider functionality, and therefore somewhat unfairly lowered in rank.
To be more precise, this machine is implemented inas a calculator. To carry out all processes, it uses electronic components as functional units. Such a complex of technical means is different from others.
К примеру, возможны вычисления другим способом.This includes the mechanical, biological, optical, quantum variant. The computer works on the principle of transporting mechanical parts, moving electrons and photons.
Oblivion
If today we talk about computers as computingcar, only in past tense. In fact, no one in everyday life uses it, and more often the term comes from the lips of digital electronics engineers. The machine may appear in legal documentation, and, respectively, in historical reports.
In the latter case, we are talking about computing, which was born in 1940-80.
Stages
Speaking about the stages of solving problems on a computer, for thismachine take the computer. That is, in our time it is mentioned programming and its stages. By this process is meant the theoretical and practical processes that are associated with the creation of programs. Their solution contains several stages, some of which do not need a computer at all.
Immediately it should be noted that there is no clear sequence of actions. There are some deviations that depend specifically on the tasks.
A task
The first stage of solving problems using a computeris the formulation of the assignment. The programmer or engineer must collect all the information about the task. Further it will be necessary to formulate conditions. That is, you need to understand in what ways the goals will be achieved.
After you need to determine the desired result.That is, what we want to get as a result of some actions and calculations. Next, we determine how we will get a solution in what form and format. At the end of this stage you need to describe all the existing data. Simply put, remember the school and the solution of problems in physics, when indicated all the available quantities, structures, types, etc.
Analysis
Stages of solving problems on a computer lead to the analysis.This step should force the programmer to consider existing analogues. That is, to study the previously passed programming processes. After you need to analyze the hardware and software.
At the second stage, you need to remember to formmathematical model. It is possible to find some more simplified ways to solve the problem, according to which the machine can perform calculations. Next, structure the data.
Algorithm
If we study the stages of solving problems on a computer briefly,then the development of the algorithm would rather go into one of the previously proposed stages. In a more detailed step-by-step description, this is another important step. Here you need to take care of the selection of processes associated with the algorithms.
The engineer selects the algorithm design method,to more accurately understand what stages are waiting for him. And after - to deal with the form of the recording algorithm. There may be many options. Given the possibilities and technologies of modern times, then, in addition to flowcharts, more complex forms such as animations are possible.
After this stage examines the tests and methods for their conduct. We need to find reliable verification options. At the end, you can design the algorithm itself.
Programming
To the main stages of solving problems on a computer definitelyshould include programming. In fact, the main stage in the whole calculation. You need to approach it responsibly. To begin with, the programmer chooses the language in which he will write the software. After considering possible options for structuring and grouping the data. Here to each his own. Someone can use methods at hand, someone can download special programs.
Next, the algorithm is written in the language that was selected. Here, everything is generally clear and there are no problems if a professional is involved in this.
Testing
После того как работа будет фактически окончена, need to check its performance. To do this, be sure to conduct tests and debugging. Syntax debugging occurs first. Then comes the test to check the semantics and logical structure. As practice shows, at these two stages, mistakes that were made out of carelessness are often revealed.
Проводят тестовые расчеты и проверяют результаты.Here you also need to be especially careful and qualitatively analyze the results, since even the smallest discrepancies can harm all work.
At this stage, it remains to correct the program. You can independently check each character, or use the application to find inaccuracies. It is possible to make changes in the structuring.
Checking
The penultimate stage of preparation and solving problemsThe computer is conditionally optional, although the recommendation. It is advisable not to miss. To do this, it is necessary to analyze the results of solving the problem and clarifications. If during this stage there are any problems, it is better to repeat all the steps described above in order to avoid any inaccuracies.
Support
The last stage can be considered not the main, butextra. It must be carried out as needed. For example, modify the program, if there are any additional requirements for it. Perhaps the list will include a couple more tasks that can be easily added to the algorithm.
Also under the last stage imply a reportwhich is provided to the customer, or is done for himself. In the first case, it is needed so that there are no complaints about the programmer. In the second case, it may be necessary for further work with the project.
Brief work
The described steps of solving problems using computers are more detailed. If the project is small, or does not require such nagging, it is possible to use a shorter way.
In this case, the formulation of the problem and the constructionA mathematical model can be combined into one process. But it will also have to first understand the objectives of the task, give him an exact wording, consider possible stages of the solution. Understand in what form the results will be recorded and how they will be stored.
After this preparatory stage requires a descriptionobject in mathematical terms. So the specialist receives an idealized mathematical model, but in general gives direction to the solution of the problem. To make the model correct, it is necessary to analyze similar solutions, technical and software capabilities, and conditions for the existence of results.
Вторым этапом считается алгоритм и его реализация.A programmer works more often on it, and a qualitative implementation depends on its classification. The algorithm collects in itself a ready-made mathematical model and a final sequence of prescriptions. All this can be implemented through established methods.
Next, it will be enough to do pure programming in order to implement all previously conceived actions.
Well, and complete the steps of solving applied problems onComputers, as always, testing and support. With the help of debugging, all technical, grammatical and algorithmic errors are detected. Control testing corrects them and puts the project in the proper form.
conclusions
Как уже говорилось ранее, этапы могут быть разные and vary with progress and innovation. Interestingly, the role of man and the computer in this process may vary depending on the tasks and opportunities. It also affects the development of computing. The time is not far off when any stage will be automated and will not need human work.
