The last time among Russians is growinginterest in their homeland. Many prefer recreation inside the country, and these are not only the resorts of the Krasnodar Territory, but also the mountains of the Urals and Altai, taiga in Siberia, Lake Baikal, etc. And just recently, lovers of traveling to remote regions of Russia, for example, in the Arctic North . In this regard, in this article we will tell the reader about where the New Siberian Islands are located, acquaint them with their peculiarity and meaning for our Motherland. So let's get started.
Novosibirsk Islands on the map
This archipelago is located in the Arcticthe ocean. It serves as the border of the East Siberian Sea and the Laptev Sea. Administratively belongs to Yakutia. Novosibirsk Islands consist of three groups. The first of them is the most southern - Lyakhovsky. By the D. Laptev Strait, they are separated from Eurasia, and by the Sannikov Strait - from Anzhi Island. Boiler (Novosibirsk Islands archipelago) and New Siberia make up the second group. The last, the third - De Long. They are located northeast of the Anjou group and are small islands. Anyone can find the Novosibirsk Islands on the map of Russia. Their coordinates are: 75 degrees 16 minutes north latitude and 145 degrees 15 minutes east longitude.
Features
The Novosibirsk Islands used to be part ofcontinent. They lie in the zone of the continental plume. The relief of the islands is flat. The climate is arctic, it is characterized by cold winters, the duration of which is nine months. Summer is very cold, windy. On the archipelago there are large marshy areas, a huge number of glacial lakes and small rivulets, thanks to which a relatively diverse ecosystem has formed here in permafrost conditions. Boiler Island differs from the rest in that Bunge Land is located here - a unique sandy arctic desert. Noteworthy is the fact that earlier (several thousand years ago) the climatic conditions on the New Siberian Islands were completely different - much milder than the modern ones. This is evidenced by the numerous finds of paleontologists: the remains of mammoths, woolly rhinos and ancient horses.
History of discovery
Archipelago Novosibirsk Islands was openedCossack J. Permyakov in 1712 during his expedition from the mouth of the Lena River to the mouth of the Kolyma. They discovered an island that today bears the name of Bolshoi Lyakhovsky. A subsequent study of the archipelago was carried out by the traveler I. Lyakhov in the years 1772-1773 and J. Sannikov in 1805. After almost 16 years, Peter of Anjou (1821-1823) described in detail a group of islands of this archipelago, which were later named after him. And in 1879-1891, the American De-Long opened the third group. And already in the twentieth century several remote islands of this archipelago were discovered.
What is there?
Novosibirsk Islands are under patronageUst-Lensky reserve. During the times of the Soviet Union there were scientific settlements here, but with the collapse of the USSR they were not left. Only polar station operates. Today, for those who want to get acquainted with this remote corner of our Motherland, travel companies offer tours to the islands, where you will have the opportunity to explore the sights of the archipelago.
Why is interest in the Arctic not fading?
There is a very stable winter, snow liesalmost all year round, there are swamps, lakes and rivers. There are minerals: coal, natural gas and others. What can attract a man’s gaze to this harsh land? Once upon a time, the Novosibirsk Islands interested people as a source of bones of various fossil animals - mainly mammoths. For more than two hundred years, they were exported from the archipelago in tons. According to the memoirs of one of the merchants who came to Bolshaya Lyakhovsky in search of this product, the island consisted of mammoth bones mixed with sand and ice. The tusks were simply melted out of the ice that the archipelago was made of.
The attention of modern man to these islandscaused more geopolitical situations - because the Arctic is part of the strategic plans of the Russian Federation. Now the views of not only political figures, but also geologists and other scientists are riveted on its shelf. This is due to the geopolitical objectives set - the need to divide the shelf. The problem of its division and continental slope includes both environmental, and economic, and political aspects. This is explained by the fact that expanding the borders of the countries of the Arctic zone, including the Russian Federation, will make it possible in the near future to invest more confidently in geological surveys for new oil and gas fields.
Research problems
The Novosibirsk Islands for Russia are the most removed.and impregnable in any plan: both geologically and geographically. Of course, they cannot be called a white spot on the map of our country, but there are areas with white spots. For example, in the De Long group there is an island of Jeannette - it does not have any geological descriptions. The fact is that he has very steep shores, most likely of volcanic origin - very steep. In addition, there is no suitable landing site for the helicopter. So far, research scientists have not been able to reach him. In August 2012, a scientific expedition was conducted on the archipelago under a grant of the Russian Geographical Society. In particular, zoological studies were carried out on the islands. As a result of the expedition, the most valuable data on the distribution and species composition of marine mammals were collected. In addition to visual observations, scientists collected samples of biomaterials for further research in the laboratory. In addition, information was collected on the life cycle of walruses and polar bears living in the New Siberian Islands. An important discovery was a meeting with gray whales. This is the first recorded fact of the appearance of these animals in the waters of this archipelago.
