Veronica Polonskaya - Soviet film actress andtheater. Her fate is closely linked with Mayakovsky. It was Polonskaya that was the last love of the great poet. And she is the last one who saw Mayakovsky alive. Veronica witnessed his suicide.
Biography of Veronica Polonskaya
Veronica Polonskaya was born on June 6, 1908.in the family of Russian actors of the Maly Theater. Her father, Vitold Polonsky, was known and popular in Russian pre-revolutionary cinema. Mother, Olga Gladkova, also starred in the movie. Veronica Polonsky's family and friends called affectionately Nora.
Where did Polonskaya study?
When Veronica Polonskaya in 1924 turned16 years old, she entered the Moscow Art Theater. After graduation, Nora remained to work in it. But the study did not end there. She took acting classes from Konstantin Stanislavsky and Nikolai Batalov.
Career Polonskaya
Veronica Polonskaya - Soviet actresscinema Her career began in childhood. For the first time, she starred in a movie as a child, along with her father, in the film When the Lilac Blossoms, which was released in 1917. In the picture Veronica played the role of Alla. The film was made according to the novel "Pan" by Laurich Bruun. After the first filming, Veronica was fascinated by the magic of the cameras and decided to devote her life to cinema.
In 1918, Polonsky’s father signed with Hollywoodvery profitable contract. And Veronica had to go with her parents in the United States. But on January 5, 1919, Witold Polonsky died suddenly. As a result, Nora and her mother remained at home.
Many people remember the play "Our Youth", inwhich Veronica played. The debut of Polonskaya in the Soviet cinema took place in the film “The Glass Eye”. This was the first picture in which the matured Veronica played. From 1927 to 1935, Polonskaya constantly played in performances. The last place of work of the actress - Theater. Ermolaeva. In 1973, Polonskaya retired.
Roles in films played by Veronika Polonskaya
- "When the lilac blossoms" - the role of Alla.
- "Swamp mirages." Played Lisa's sister - Vera.
- "Glass Eye" - the main character.
- "The conveyor of death" - the role of Eleanor.
- "Three Comrades" - played the wife of Latsis, Irina.
- "War and Peace". Role in the episode.
- "Smile to the neighbor." Played Barbara Vershininu.
- "Mother Mary." The role of Sophia Pilenko.
Personal life of actress
В 1925 году Вероника Витольдовна Полонская вышла marry actor Mikhail Mikhailovich Yanshin. Despite the love affair with Mayakovsky, she could not confess to her husband that she was unfaithful. And for many years he was in ignorance. The whole truth about the love affair of Polonskaya and Mayakovsky surfaced after the poet's suicide, thanks to his farewell note, in which he recognized Veronica as his heir, along with his relatives. Polonskaya was disgraced all over the country. When the betrayal opened, there was a divorce.
Polonskaya married Valeria for the second timeAleksandrovich Azersky. From him in 1936 she gave birth to a son. Called him in honor of Mayakovsky - Vladimir. Then Azersky was repressed, and Polonskaya was married for the third time to the Soviet actor Dmitry Pavlovich of Thebes. He adopted her son, who eventually went to live in the United States.
Meet Mayakovsky
Mayakovsky Polonskaya met in 1929.Nora at that time was already 21 years old. After the filming of the film "The Glass Eye" Veronica was invited to run by her husband Lily Brik. There she first saw Mayakovsky. Later they met on a visit to Kataev. And after that they began to see more often.
After some time, Veronica began oftenvisit his apartment in Lubyanka. There was a poet's office. Mayakovsky showed Veronica many books. Captured her by reading his poems and interesting stories about foreign countries. Often they walked around the city and talked. Veronika Polonskaya and Mayakovsky became close a short time after they met. Apartment on the Lubyanka became their place for love meetings.
How did the novel Polonskaya with Mayakovsky
Polonskaya and Mayakovsky met at the apartmentsecretly. Polonskaya husband did not know about it. In one of the meetings, Mayakovsky confessed love to Veronica. She responded to his feelings, but was very jealous of other women. Polonskaya did not give up her husband. Perhaps she had a premonition that the connection with Mayakovsky would not last long. Veronica came to him almost every day for several hours before the theater. And then went to work.
Mayakovsky did not like actors, but Veronica was forhis exception. Although over time he began to demand that she leave the theater. But Polonskaya refused. After his confession of love to her, Mayakovsky began to affectionately call her “the bride”.
At the same time, he tried to meet hisformer love - Tatiana Yakovleva, but she heard rumors about his new affair with Polonskaya. Yakovlev married. Mayakovsky vigorously experienced this event. He immediately began to demand that Veronica legitimize their relationship. But Polonskaya was married and did not intend to confess to her husband that she was cheating on him.
Sharp angles in a relationship with Mayakovsky
Mayakovsky has always been very difficult and difficult.character Poet pursued frequent mood swings. There was talk in society that he was sick. Recently, their relationship with Veronica Polonskaya was very strained in an emotional sense. He then gently persuaded her to marry him, then tried to achieve her positive solution by threats.
В 1930 году у Полонской было много трудных rehearsals, and time for frequent meetings remained less. Because of this, he insisted on leaving Veronica from the theater with even greater fervor. They often quarreled, often in trifles. Veronika Polonskaya was often late for meetings or appeared on them with her husband. Sometimes did not come at all.
Mayakovsky and earlier was very quick-tempered.And for some time before the suicide became even more angry, irritable. On April 12, Mayakovsky decides to speak with Polonskaya for the last time. He called her at the theater, they made an appointment. On this day, Veronica asked him to leave for a short rest, for a couple of days. Mayakovsky promised, but stayed at home.
The next day they met again.The conversation turned into another showdown. It was then that the veil fell from the eyes of Veronica. She saw a tortured and sick man in front of her, tried to calm him down. But Mayakovsky took out a revolver and promised to kill Polonskaya, even brought a muzzle at her. But never shot.
The tragic death of the beloved Polonskaya
Вероника Полонская, биография которой тесно associated with the name of Mayakovsky, the only one who saw the poet on the day of suicide. April 14, he brought her to him. I closed the door on the key. She cried, did not let her out, and demanded that she no longer return to the theater. But so did not achieve. Polonskaya took twenty rubles from him in a taxi and went to the exit. Suddenly I heard a shot from behind. Throwing back, Veronica saw Mayakovsky with a wound in his chest. To save the poet could not. He died almost immediately.
Polonskaya did not go to the funeral, although their connection still became known to the whole world. Mayakovsky's mother and sisters considered her the culprit of his death. And he made Veronica his heir.
last years of life
По словам актрисы, этот последний год романа с Mayakovsky was for her the happiest and most unhappy at the same time. For many years, society has preferred to forget about it, it was considered guilty of the poet’s death. Nobody was interested in Veronica, even the press did not ask questions. And only many years later, the world became interested in the story of her life, and in particular the novel with Mayakovsky. Veronika Polonskaya died in September 1994.
