Due to its location as wellcultural heritage Oryol Province was considered not only the center, but also the heart of Russia. The creation of its main city, Orel, was associated with the reign of Ivan the Terrible, and the formation of a province around it took place in the time of Catherine the Great.
What constituted the province and its main city can be found in the article.
Location
Oryol Province was part of the Russian Empire, and later of Soviet Russia. It existed from 1796 to 1928. It was located in the European part of the country, with the following provinces bordered on it:
- Kaluga, Tula, Kursk (north).
- Kursk (south).
- Voronezh (east).
- Smolensk, Chernihiv (west).
The area was more than forty-six square kilometers, and the population reached two million people. The main city was Eagle.
Earth history
Oryol Province was established in the eighteenthcentury, but even before that the Slavs lived on these lands. The most ancient inhabitants are considered vyatichi. In the eleventh century, they created the first cities to protect the Polovtsy and Pechenegs from hostile tribes.
Until the sixteenth century, lands were subject tonumerous attacks and ravages due to the Mongol-Tatar invasion, and later the rule of Lithuania and Poland. One of the most significant in this period was the Bryansk principality, located on the lands of the future province.
The history of Oryol Province is associated with the appearancecity of Orel. The year of its occurrence is considered to be the 1566th. Since that time, formed Oryol district. By the eighteenth century, Oryol Province was part of Kiev Province, and later belonged to Belgorod, until, over time, it became an administrative-territorial unit of the empire.
The history of the province
In 1778, Empress Catherine the Second wasa decree was issued, which resulted in the establishment of Oryol Province. Initially, it was divided into thirteen counties, although their number has changed throughout history. The political, religious, cultural center became the city of Oryol.
After 1917 the province existedeleven years until it was abolished. By 1937, the Oryol Region was created, which included part of the former province. The main city in the educated area again became the Eagle.
Orel city
Oryol Province, photos of which are presented inthe form of historical maps has always been associated with its central city. It was founded in 1566 (as mentioned in the Nikon chronicle). At this time, by order of Ivan the Fourth Terrible, the Eagle fort was founded with the aim of defending the southern borders of the kingdom.
From 1577 Cossack settlement was located here. The city Cossacks lived in it. In the settlement there was its own wooden church, which was called Pokrovskaya.
In 1605 the city was occupied by the False Dmitry the Firstarmy. And two years later he became the residence of the False Dmitry of the Second. A few years later the city was completely destroyed by the Poles, headed by A. Lisovsky. It was restored only in 1636, because it had a special significance in the protection of Russian lands from Tatar raids.
Gradually, the border of the kingdom moved to the south.Therefore, at the beginning of the eighteenth century, the fortress in Orel was abolished, having lost its defense significance. The city began to specialize in grain trade, and also became the center of the established Oryol province, which later transformed into a province, and in modern times is an area of the Russian Federation.
The city began to develop in the nineteenth century.During this period the pavement was laid, a city professional fire brigade was created, a telegraph communication was established, banking was developing, water supply appeared. The laid railway and highway covering connected the Eagle with the lands of Ukraine, the Volga region, Baltic and, of course, Moscow. This allowed him to become a major transportation center.
Famous people of the province
The description of the Oryol province would not be complete withoutmentions of outstanding personalities of the region. On the lands there were many estates of noble families known in Russia. The names of such writers as Turgenev I. S, Fet A. A., Prishvin M. M., Pisarev D.
The appearance of a large number of writers, philosophers, and historians on these lands is attributed to its beautiful nature, primordial folk culture and wise peasant traditions.
