Those who are faced with science and its features,at the very beginning they must understand what the structure of scientific knowledge is and what it implies. And, oddly enough, any knowledge can be somehow classified, highlighting certain types of knowledge, some specific features and even forms. And it depends a little on what specific scientific sphere you decided to go deep into, since each of them has a common “backbone”. And if we speak directly about the constituent levels, then in any knowledge system it is possible to distinguish: the empirical, theoretical and philosophical levels.
Empirical level
With the help of empirical (sensory) knowledgeScientists have the opportunity to establish contact with reality, gaining knowledge about certain events. No less important is the identification of the properties of certain objects or processes that are being monitored (the main empirical method). The implementation of this category of scientific knowledge is possible only through sensation, perception and representation. And here are especially important: visibility and objectivity, sensuality, reproduction of external properties.
Theoretical level
It is important to note that the theoretical level iswhole system of scientific knowledge. It is this area that defines the basic concepts, categories and laws. It is especially important to be able to think, to be an expert in logical operations and, in spite of everything, to be able to rely on the sensual level of knowledge. However, this level is also divided:
1. Fundamental theories. Here we are talking about ideal and abstract objects.
2. Theories that describe a specific area of reality based on the previous component.
When it comes to what is the structure of scientificknowledge and what it implies, one should never forget that the theoretical side is aimed at explaining objective reality, but at the same time it describes not existing realities, but something perfect.
Philosophical level
Those people who own philosophy oftenthey tend to comprehend certain sciences much more than others. And this is due to the fact that it is a rather specific ability that allows one to assimilate scientific truths without any reliance on logic and scientific evidence. This level belongs to the category that gives rise to the most disputes and discussions. Here, questions are being escalated about the fine line that cannot be drawn between the empirical and theoretical levels, about the substantiation of a particular scientific theory. And it is precisely this level that prompts the need to master the main types of scientific knowledge, without which it becomes even more difficult to determine what the structure of scientific knowledge is.
The main types in scientific knowledge
Regardless of how long you are in science, everyone should know these definitions. Consequently, there are the following types of knowledge:
one.Everyday knowledge - they are determined by personal experience and are built on common sense. This is the specific basis of everyday relations. This structure of scientific knowledge relies exclusively on the empirical level.
2. Practical knowledge - is based on direct actions, mastering certain things and transforming the world.
3. Artistic - the basis of this knowledge is the image.
4. Scientific knowledge - does not exist without a basis on concepts.
5. Rational - involves the reflection of reality in a variety of logical concepts.
6. Irrational - a direct reflection of reality, which is not subject to the laws of science and logic.
7. Personal knowledge - depends on the basic abilities of a person and on his specific intellectual activity.
The structure of scientific knowledge is an issue that deserves attention and detailed consideration.
