Few people think when it appearedelectricity. And his story is quite interesting. Electricity makes life more comfortable. Thanks to him, television, the Internet and much more became available. And modern life without electricity can no longer be imagined. It greatly accelerated the development of mankind.
Electricity history
If you start to figure out when electricity appeared, then you need to remember the Greek philosopher Thales.It was he who first drew attention to this phenomenon in 700 BC. e. Falles discovered that when amber was rubbing against wool, stone began to attract light objects to itself.
In what year did electricity appear?After the Greek philosopher, for a long time no one investigated this phenomenon. And knowledge in this area did not increase until 1600. This year, William Gilbert coined the term "electricity", examining magnets and their properties. Since that time, scientists have begun to study this phenomenon intensively.
First discoveries
When did the electricity applied intechnical solutions? In 1663 the first electric machine was created, which allowed to observe the effects of repulsion and attraction. In 1729, English scientist Stephen Gray conducted the first experiment when electricity was transmitted from a distance. Four years later, the French scientist S. Dyufe discovered that electricity has 2 types of charge: resin and glass. In 1745, the first electric condenser appeared - Leiden Bank.
In 1747Benjamin Franklin created the first theory to explain this phenomenon. And in 1785 the law of Coulomb appeared. Electricity was studied for a long time by Galvani and Volt. A treatise was written on the effect of this phenomenon in muscle movement and a galvanic object was invented. A Russian scientist V. Petrov became the discoverer of the volt arc.
Lighting
When did electricity appear in houses and apartments?For many, this phenomenon is primarily associated with lighting. Thus, it should be considered when the first light bulb was invented. This happened in 1809. The Englishman Delarue became the inventor. A little later, spiral-shaped light bulbs appeared that were filled with inert gas. They began to be produced in 1909.
The appearance of electricity in Russia
Some time after the introduction of the term"Electricity" began to explore this phenomenon in many countries. The beginning of change can be considered the appearance of lighting. What year did electricity appear in Russia? According to public resonance, this date is 1879. It was then that the first electrification of the Liteiny Bridge was carried out in St. Petersburg using lamps.
But a year earlier in Kiev, in one ofrailway workshops, electric lights were installed. Therefore, the date of the appearance of electricity in Russia is a somewhat controversial issue. But since this event has been neglected, the lighting of the Foundry Bridge can be considered the official date.
But there is another version when it appearedelectricity in Russia. From a legal point of view, this date - the thirtieth of January 1880. On this day the first electrical engineering department appeared in the Russian Technical Society. He was responsible for supervising the introduction of electricity into everyday life. In 1881, Tsarskoye Selo became the first European city that was fully lit.
Another significant date is the fifteenth of May, 1883.On this day, the Kremlin was first illuminated. The event was timed to the accession to the Russian throne of Alexander III. To illuminate the Kremlin on the Sofia Embankment, an electrician installed a small power plant. After this event, the lighting first appeared on the main street of St. Petersburg, and then in the Winter Palace.
In the summer of 1886By decree of the emperor, the Society for Electric Lighting was established. It was engaged in the electrification of all of St. Petersburg and Moscow. And in 1888, the first power plants in major cities began to be built. In the summer of 1892 the debut electric tram was launched in Russia. And in 1895, the first hydroelectric station appeared. It was built in St. Petersburg, on the river. Big Okhta.
And in Moscow, the first power station appeared in 1897It was built on the Raushskaya Embankment. The power plant produced an alternating three-phase current. And it allowed to transmit electricity over long distances without significant loss of power. In other cities of Russia, power plants began to be built at the dawn of the twentieth century, before the First World War.
