Lyubechsky congress became an important event in the historyRus. It took place in 1097. The reason for convening the Lyubech congress was important events that brought devastation and bloodshed all over the territory of old Russia.
Reasons for the convention
Anticipating an approaching departure to another world,The prince of Kiev Yaroslav divided his large domain into small principalities. According to the order of the noble parent, to each of the male heirs, a certain part of the state, called Kievan Rus, was inherited. The Lyubech congress of princes was supposed to prevent the division of lands between the heirs.
The eldest son named IzyaslavNaturally, the capital went - Kiev. The rest of the descending age inherited the following patrimonies: Svyatoslav sat on Chernihiv land, Vsevolod on Pereyaslavl, Vyacheslav on Smolensk, Vladimir-Volyn on Igor. As the course of subsequent events showed, with this short-sighted decision Yaroslav the Wise provoked feudal fragmentation.
The start of strife
As is often the case, growing grandchildren also began to claim their share of the grandfather’s inheritance. Time of troubles was reflected in the civilian population, bringing him much grief and suffering.
The tidbit was the capital of Kievan Rus,so the struggle centered on the grand throne. Kiev residents did not like the new ruler, who could not be compared with his father. Even after the second attempt Izyaslav failed to regain the throne - his brothers prevented. The exile prince had to seek refuge in neighboring Poland, where he waited for Svyatoslav’s death to return to Kiev again.
After Izyaslav sitting on the throne of KievVsevolod, who initially went to Pereyaslavl. By his efforts, the eldest son, the future Vladimir Monomakh, established himself while in Chernigov. Further struggle for the throne ensued between the heirs of Svyatoslav and Vsevolod. The Lyubech congress was needed at that time, since relatives could not exist peacefully.
In 1093, after the death of Vsevolod, in Kievthe principality was to be headed by his son, clever and discreet Vladimir Monomakh. In order to prevent unnecessary bloodshed, Monomah nevertheless gave way to his cousin Svyatopolk, son of Izyaslav. The sons of Prince Svyatoslav demanded the granting of greater rights to them, plotting to take power from Monomakh, who reigned in Chernigov.
The situation escalated when with a light hand of the princeOleg Svyatoslavich Polovtsians were involved in the internecine conflict. Vladimir Monomakh, who had ceded Chernigov to his relatives, after returning to Pereyaslavl, organized resistance to the Polovtsian nomads.
Attempts to stop the criminal actions of some princes
Vladimir Monomakh with Svyatopolk Izyaslavich in1096 decided to work together to end the arbitrariness of the Polovtsy. They called for Oleg Svyatoslavovich to join the union. However, he refused the offer and did not deign to participate in the All-Russian princely congress, where an order order in the state was to be concluded. Kiev and Pereyaslavl along with the Volyn princes decided to teach the criminal, who hid in Starodub. Oleg, driven into a corner, as they say, accepted the brothers' peaceful offer. The decision of the Lyubech congress in the future was to help every prince behave peacefully and with dignity.
For all the sins of Oleg followed by punishment ina form of deprivation of the Chernigov principality and a call to a general congress. Aggressive plans did not come true. Seeing that almost all his relatives were against him, he not only didn’t capture Novgorod, but left the captured Moore, Suzdal and Rostov. This time, Oleg has already sworn an oath that he will attend the Lyubech congress of princes.
Lyubechsky congress
The venue of the famous convention is the city chosen.Lyubech, where the patrimonial castle of Vladimir Monomakh was located near the Dnieper River. Among those invited to the Lyubech congress were the most distinguished princes of Russia, including the descendants of Yaroslav the Wise - grandchildren, great-grandchildren. The Lyubech congress was organized, it remained to make important decisions.
You can highlight in the form of points the following points:
- The key decision of the convention held in 1097year, it was that all the princes of the Rurikovich clan agreed among themselves to recognize the rights to the patrimony, or, as the chronicle says: “every day keep your fatherland.
- If someone breaks the contract and flatter himself on the land of a brother or someone else from relatives, he will be considered a criminal. It must stop the combined militia of the remaining princes.
- They agreed to jointly defend themselves against the nomads who made frequent raids on Russia.
- One of the main principles of large feudal land tenure was laid: inheritance of the father-son by the prince-son. The Lyubech congress must put an end to bloodshed and the struggle for power.
The kiss of the cross by the participants in the assembly was evidence of the determination to strictly implement the decisions made.
Exit at Dolob Lake. Results of both congresses
However, peace between relatives was short-lived. The beginning of a new wave was the blinding of Vasilka Rostislavovich, which Svyatopolk and David Igorevich made.
Therefore, five years later, the princes had toto meet again, but on Dolobskoye Lake. The outcome of the congress was that the united army, headed by Vladimir Monomakh, relatively easily defeated the Polovtsy, but, unfortunately, Kievan Rus was unable to end the strife and become a monolithic state. The significance of the Lyubech Congress could have been important, only the princes could not keep the peace terms.
