Everyone who saw the movie about the amazing ScarlettO Hara certainly remembers the first scene - a panorama of a huge cotton plantation called Tara. And from TV screens we are told about tea and coffee plantations where the best varieties of these plants grow. the most unusual?
Etymology
The origin of the words studies etymology.It is this department of linguistics that will help to understand what a plantation is. This word appeared in Russian in the XVIII century. Borrowed from Latin, it means "planting plants." Happened from planta - "seedling." It is worth noting that this term does not have a precise definition. In addition, it is not official.
First plantations
For the first time, plantation farms appeared inWest Indies in the XVI century. Their founders were the Spaniards who exploited the indigenous population of the continent. The labor tools of the slaves were the most primitive. The XVIII century was marked by the appearance of European colonies in Asia and Africa. Most often, the owners of the plantations were foreign citizens, but sometimes large corporations became the owners. For quite a long time the workers of the plantations were negros. The main purpose of creating large plantations was the production of sugar cane, tea, coffee, tobacco, pineapples, cocoa and much more. Of course, for commercial purposes. The plantation system reached its peak in the early nineteenth century. Then its center became the United States of America. In the southern states they grew a huge amount of cotton.
Investments and hired labor: what is a plantation of the capitalist type?
Several centuries after the appearance of plantationsa new economic species appeared - capitalist plantations. Here, slaves were no longer working - thanks to the investments, the owners could afford to hire workers. This type of farming had other features:
- Permanent staff.
- Fixed wages.
- The increase in the number of workers at the time of harvest.
By the way, often hired workers managedwork on several plantations per season. After all, different cultures ripen at different times. This tradition is still relevant to the population of third world countries.
What does the germination and quality of the crop?
Now you know the meaning of the word "plantation",history of the emergence of agricultural farms. It should be noted that any plantation is calculated for reasons of its profitability. That is why the location is chosen in accordance with the requirements of those crops that are planned to grow.
For example, most tobacco plantationslocated in China, India, Brazil and the USA. It is here that the soil and climate are best suited for growing this plant. The largest strawberry farms are located in Western Europe, Uzbekistan and the Krasnodar Territory. But blueberries are mainly grown in the countries of northern latitudes - this berry needs moorland and moist soil. In tropical countries, however, they actively cultivate vanilla. The future of the Russian forest industry - forest plantations. What is wood plantation? This is a solution to the problem of forest deficiency. The most unusual plantation can be considered cacti. And in Queens there is a legal plantation of marijuana! Plants grown here, of course, will not go on sale - they will be used exclusively for medical purposes.
