Semantics is a science, without which it is incredibly difficult to learn a language.

In a broad sense, semantics is a section.linguistics, the subject of study of which is the relationship between existing and imaginary reality and linguistic expressions that are used in these realities. In other words, the semantics of the language serves to search for general patterns in the display and projection of realities in this language. Reflected can be both objects or phenomena, as well as abstract categories, processes that have no practical use or a material shell.

The role of semantics in the language

Translated from Greek, semantics isdesignation of something (Greek root of semanticos - "denoting"). The semantics in its linguistic understanding is used to study the links between the phenomena of a natural language with the range of its application, be it the real or imaginary world.

This science clearly demonstrates howA person familiar with the grammatical structure of a language and a set of basic syntactic, lexical, and morphological units is able to clothe his thoughts in verbal form and perceive information coming from various sources, even the information he encounters for the first time.

Semantics is an essential part of such a section.linguistics like grammar. In the process of development of any language, the semantics of the word undergoes numerous changes with the advent of new theories and provisions in linguistics. For example, the basic principles used in the construction of the semantic component were developed by American scientists J. Katz and J. Fodor.

Semantics in dictionaries: principles and features

In the process of semantic analysis vocabularythe meaning of a word is fixed by means of a special definition, or definition, developed in a specialized language. Semantic language implies a more explicit (developed), but at the same time a more rigorous description of the object or phenomenon than in terms of everyday language. For example, on the pages of the semantic dictionary you can find the following characteristic: “NOSINF = INF, PREM”. It is used for a brief designation of the information carrier, which, from the standpoint of semantics, is equated with the subject containing information.

When interpreting words through naturalLanguage scientists use single quotes to write expressions and components. However, this method is not used in dictionaries, since the system itself of the dictionary source implies the “word - interpretation” placement model, i.e. The definition is usually to the right of the word being defined. When interpreting sentences, linguists use double quotes. It must be remembered that the techniques encountered in semantics do not coincide with their corresponding in natural language. For example, the construction of "ENTRY-IN-BRACK" in semantics will be considered not as a combination of three words, but as a single element of the study.

Semantics is a special science, which in itspractice uses the category of metalanguage. This term is necessary to refer to the language with which another language is described. Natural, for example, can speak in relation to a metalanguage. Elements of the metalanguage can also include graphic schemes, tables, images or drawings, often found in illustrated dictionaries.