The noose is an aerobatic manwhich became the embodiment of technical progress of aircraft and pilot skills. September 9, 2013 this trick was exactly one hundred years. The first person to successfully complete the loop is the pilot of the Russian Empire P. N. Nesterov. The dead loop in his performance was the first successful implementation of this trick. In this case, attempts to successfully make a maneuver were made long before that. The trick got its name because of a number of failed tests that led to death.
The emergence of maneuver
For example, American Haksay on the planeWright brothers designs tried to make a vertical loop. However, the engine power was very weak in order to keep the aircraft at the top point. After this, several more attempts were made to complete the loop, but the absolute majority of them ended tragically. The design of the aircraft of that time did not allow to withstand such loads, which is why during the vertical ascent or at the top point the plane began to simply crumble. It should be said that at that time there were even special regulations that prohibited the pilots from making sharp turns and rolls due to the high fragility of the air vehicles. For some time it was even believed that a complete rotation in the vertical plane was simply impossible to accomplish.
After a series of unsuccessful attempts, aviation engineers realizedthat for normal flight up the wheels and return the aircraft to the starting point, you must create an absolutely stable mechanism. That is, the aircraft should be well balanced, and the point of aerodynamic drag and the point of the driving forces should be as close as possible to each other (ideally, match).
Features modern loop Nesterov
The dead loop at the dawn of aviation wasa challenge to the skill of pilots and engineering. Today, this aerobatic maneuver is widely used as an element of an air show, and also as a means of training young pilots. This is due to the fact that performing a stunt requires practicing skills in controlling an aircraft under varying loads, pitch, altitude and speed. Only having fully felt the capabilities of your aircraft, you can begin to perform the trick. In addition, the dead loop laid the foundation for performing a number of other aerobatics, which are used both for the purpose of practicing skills and during real combat.
The loop is considered correct if all pointsthe trajectory of the aircraft lie in the same vertical plane, while the overload remains positive throughout the entire maneuver and does not exceed the limit in which the plane breaks down into a tailspin.
The first half of the loop is performed by the thrust of the power plant and the gained speed, the second half by the weight of the aircraft and its attraction to the ground, as well as the thrust of the engines.
Nesterov's loop in a helicopter
The first helicopter to execute thismaneuver was Ka-50. The design of the machine allows you to perform a full loop of 360 degrees. However, such a maneuver is quite risky due to the fact that the carrier blades of the device can clash. Therefore, the so-called “oblique loop” is performed at the airshow. In this case, the trajectory of the helicopter does not lie in the vertical plane, but slightly inclined with respect to the horizon.
Ground loop
Nesterov's loop can also be performed on the ground.So, in order for the car to turn 360 degrees in a vertical plane, you need to build a special track. With sufficient speed, the car easily passes the highest point of the ring. The same goes for motorcycles. Such tricks are quite often found in various circus and recreational motor shows.
Thus, the plane makes a dead loop the most refined and beautiful. Watching the implementation of this maneuver is really exciting.
