Arabic numerals, also known asIndo-Arabic, these are the simplest, well-known signs - 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. That is, the answer to the question of how many Arabic numbers exist is the number ten. Today they are the most common symbolic display of numbers in the whole world.
History of appearance
The first attempts to create a digital system were undertaken back in Babylon in the 2nd millennium BC. e., but in their number system was not zero.
The emergence of Arabic numerals is associated withIndo-Arabic digital system, which was adapted by the Persians and was originally used in Arab countries. There is information, thanks to which it can be assumed that the figures first appeared in the western regions of the Arab world.
In its modern form, Arabic numerals appearedin North Africa, they were different from those used in the West. In the city of Bejaia, which is located in the north of Algeria, the famous Fibonacci scientist created a modern digital system, he is the one who came up with Arabic numerals or, rather, made them possible to popularize them. His work became significant for their distribution in Europe and among Europeans who propagandized them all over the world. Fibonacci, who invented Arabic numerals, did not even realize that they would later spread throughout the world through commerce, typography and colonialism.
How did zero appear
It may seem obvious to some that zerois part of the positional system, but this is not true, since it appeared relatively recently in human history. But in fact, this omnipresent symbol, which means “nothing,” was not used in Europe until the XII century. It is believed that the first attempts to introduce zero into the positional system were made in ancient Mesopotamia. The Sumerian scribes used various icons and symbols, which in their functions approached this figure, four thousand years ago. Although the first written documents about the appearance of such a sign date back to the III-II millennium BC. er in Babylon. In a specific hexagonal Babylonian digital system, there was a sign that helped distinguish dozens, hundreds, and thousands, although it was not used separately. That is, this figure has not yet acquired all its modern functions.
Indo-Arab Digital System Appears in Indiaabout 500 AD. It was more revolutionary because it had zero and positional number systems. This has been a significant progress in terms of mathematics. So the answer to the question "how many Arabic numerals exist," has changed, since zero has become another full-fledged number.
Sometimes in the positional number system distinguishnumbers and glyphs, characters that are used to graphically depict numbers or letters. The first record of zero in the form of a glyph dates from the ninth century (in central India). Numerous preserved Indian copper plates confirm the existence of a symbol, similar in function to zero, as early as the 6th century. n er
Adaptation in Europe
Arabic numerals appeared in Europe in 976, as confirmed by the Vigilan Code.
Beginning in the 980s, Herbert of Oriliac,who later became Pope Sylvester II, helped popularize figures in Europe. Leonardo Fibonacci, a famous mathematician from Pisa who studied in Algeria, also contributed to the spread of the new digital system by writing the Book of Abachi.
Numbers and numbers
The answer to the question of how many Arabic numeralsexists in nature, is simple, since there are only 10, namely: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The relationship of numbers and numbers is obvious, because the numbers are a symbolic display of a number, and the number itself - This concept, which displays the number.
The reason why Arabic numerals were adopted in Europe is not only the convenience of their use, but also the appearance of the first printing press, which made them popular in the 15th century.
Arabic numerals in Russia
Old Slavic number system takes itsbeginning with the Old Slavic alphabet, which was used by the southern and eastern Slavs. It was used until the XVIII century, when Peter I replaced it with Arabic numerals. By the way, Russia has become one of the first countries in which Arabic numerals were officially introduced into use.
Summing up, it should be noted:Despite the fact that the answer to the question of how many Arabic numerals there are at present is very simple, the positional digital system has come a long way of becoming. Thus, the symbols, that is, the numbers once created by prominent Indian scholars, first took their place in the Arab culture, and only then began to spread throughout the civilized world.
The creation of such a digital system allowedsignificantly accelerate the pace of development of both science and technology. The main reason for the rapid spread and adaptation of Arabic numerals at the global level were migration and the appearance of typography, thanks to which people from all continents were introduced to them.
