Many great artists of the word addressed the theme of poetry and poet more than once, but in their works they revealed it in different ways.
Two directions in art
The two main trends in howit should be understood the challenges facing the art, defined in the middle of the 19th century. Proponents of "pure art" believed that poetry was not in the depiction of reality. It consists in the elegance of the subject and form of the poem. Representatives of this direction consciously walked away from the problems of reality and turned to “eternal” themes in their work.
Representatives of the so-called "democratic"directions took the opposite position. They relied on the experience of the Decembrist poets, Lermontov and Pushkin. Of course, Nekrasov was one of them. Creativity N. A. Nekrasov is a vivid example of serving the Fatherland. Continuing the traditions of Lermontov and Pushkin, this poet constantly turned on the theme of poetry and poet throughout his journey. Many poems Nekrasov devoted to her. We note in this article only the most famous and important of them.
Theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasov in his early years
Concerning this topic, Nekrasov was already in the 40s.was inclined to compare with his simple woman, who had left the people, his Muse ("Yesterday, an hour in the sixth ..."). Nikolai Alekseevich emphasized with this the very people of all his work, which he had realized in his early days. At the same time, he showed the difficulties that the poet had to face at the beginning of his journey. It is about the struggle of Nekrasov with journalistic harassment and censorship. Like a young peasant woman, his muse was "hewn out" and "scourged."
The poem "Muse"
In the poem "Muse", written after 4 years,the poet develops these estimates and comparisons. His mentor, alas, does not sing sweet-words. She does not teach harmony, does not use pipe. Another image has his muse. Again, the poet compares it with a peasant, but now more fully. She sings in front of the "smokey torch" in the "poor hut". This peasant woman is "killed by a crust", "bent by labor". However, Muza Nekrasov is not only likened to a village worker. She is also called the "companion of the sad poor". For this poem by Nekrasov, it is characteristic that the disposition to revenge is a feature of the muse. In this way, the poet prepares a complex synthesis in the characterization of the wonderful “maiden”, a definition formulated a little later, in 1855, when he called her “the muse of vengeance and sorrow”.
Two types of poets in the poem Nekrasov
Nekrasov also reflects on the creator, in particular,in the work "Blessed is the unloving poet ...". This creation, created in the period of the "dark seven years", is dedicated to the memory of N. V. Gogol (pictured below), who had just died. It is, in spite of censorship, the struggle for the triumph in the literature of the "Gogol" direction. This poem in a new way reveals the theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasov. Nikolai Alekseevich sharply contrasts 2 types of poets: the “exposer of the crowd” and the “gentle” artist of the word.
Некоторые исследователи творчества интересующего we are convinced the author is what he meant by Zhukovsky’s "mild poet" who fully deserves this epithet. By "the accuser of the crowd," the satirist Nekrasov implies Gogol. The path in the literature of this writer was "thorny". Gogol was not “mercy” and peace from opponents. "Cries of bitterness" and "blasphemy" constantly haunted him. And the most important thing is that it was Nikolai Vasilyevich who, “arming his mouth with satire”, denounced public vices with the “punishing lyre”. Uncommonly close was Nekrasov's preaching of love by "hating" to evil, the "hostile word of denial." Like Nikolai Vasilievich (his portrait is presented below), Nikolai Alekseevich "loved hating." Nekrasov proclaimed his cherished idea that the one who lives without anger and sorrow does not love his homeland.
"Poet and Citizen"
The main themes and ideas of the lyrics of Nekrasov wereassociated with one very important for Nikolai Alekseevich concept - "citizen". The poet, reflecting on the artist-creator, creates a poem called "The Poet and the Citizen." He gave the image of the Poet in him some of his own features, hesitations, doubts, although he strove, above all, to typify this image. The figure of the Citizen is also distinguished by generalization. He requires the Poet to respond to various life conflicts, to actively serve the people, to protect the disadvantaged. The lines of Nikolai Alekseevich go back to Decembrist poetry that one can not be a poet, but a citizen is necessary. Let us recall, for example, the formula of K. F. Ryleyev (his portrait is presented below), who said that he was not a poet, but a citizen.
Николай Алексеевич развивает эту мысль."Conversation" and the drama of the work "The Poet and the Citizen" (Nekrasov) strengthened its dialogical form. However, it did not save from didacticism and some declarativeness, which are manifested in rhetorical questions, admonitions, appeals, promptings, as well as in political vocabulary inherent in the Nekrasov era.
"To the poet"
The theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasov isthrough all his creativity. Nikolai Alekseevich, responding to the controversy about the role the poet should play in society, which were conducted in journalism in 1870, creates a poem “In Memory of Schiller” (“The Poet”). The problematics and colors of this work differ in many respects from the previous poems about poetry, as the analysis of Nekrasov's lyrics shows. Nikolai Alekseevich is no longer concerned with the theme of torment and suffering, does not connect the words with the fate of the artist's peasantry. Nekrasov, whose poems are often devoted to the sufferings of ordinary people, is limited to what creates in this poem the ideal image of the Poet.
Who for Nekrasov is the ideal image of the Poet?
For him, he is Schiller (his portrait is presented below).
Creativity, thought, life of this great Germanpoet for Nekrasov beautiful mainly because he sees in them a manifestation of the artist-judge, guided by the highest principles of beauty and morality. The author emphasizes in the heroic deed of the sublime and beautiful. He is equal in his faithful service to freedom for God. The poet is armed with "heavenly thunders." He stands above bankers and kings, and the "magic torch" raised by him as a "lamp of reason", already familiar to us, illuminates the way for people, brings them to light.
His century and people need a poet.He serves them, not trying to isolate himself in art, divorced from life. A singer calls his muse only when “types of goodness and love” are clear in his soul. According to the author, such a creator can and should remind people of the “high calling”, and also, which is especially important now for Nekrasov, bring “harmony” into their feelings and deeds, guided by a high ideal of beauty.
Poem "Elegy"
Theme of poetry and poet in the lyrics of Nekrasovalso disclosed in the poem "Elegy". This is perhaps the most dramatic expressive and deep poem on this subject in the works of the author of our interest. Nikolay Alekseevich, comprehending the post-reform years, makes a disappointing conclusion that the theme of "people's sufferings" has not lost its topicality. The fate of the peasants, the share of the people are still unbearable and painful. As before, the "tunes of rural girls" are full of sorrow and sadness. The peculiarity of the lyrics of Nekrasov throughout his work lies in the depiction of the sufferings of the people. However, Nikolai Alekseevich in the "Elegies" significantly expands the picture of peasants. He speaks, using the plural, about the disasters of various "peoples", implying the triumph of reaction in the states neighboring Russia. Here, people are experiencing at this time a "dawnless night" (the definition given in the poem "Silently honest ...", written in the same year).
Nekrasov's poems today are known and loved by many.The largest and most famous of them - "Who Lives Well in Russia?". After reading even this one work from all the poet’s creative work, one can understand how much Nikolai Alekseevich loved the Russian people. However, not only the poems of Nekrasov reflect the care of him. The fate of the people excites the author in many other works. Nikolai Alekseevich sees the poet’s supreme mission in serving him wholeheartedly. In the "Elegies" Nekrasov as if sums up his work, saying: "I dedicated the lyre to my people." One cannot but agree with this.
