Relatively recently, the only wayto determine whether a person is alive, it was possible to detect or not detect signs of breathing. They brought a mirror to their mouths and looked to see if it was getting cloudy. Nowadays other signs are used, but the absence of breath always indicates a rapid extinction or the already accomplished cessation of life. Respiratory organs and gas exchange are still being investigated by scientists in order to better understand the work of the respiratory system as a whole. It is very reliable, but sometimes it becomes extremely vulnerable.
This system includes the airways,The structure of the respiratory system in this area is similar. These include the nasal cavity, larynx, trachea and bronchi. All these organs have a cartilaginous basis, thanks to which they retain their shape, and from the inside they are lined with ciliary epithelium. He is able to barely visible cuts to expel small foreign bodies from the respiratory tract.
However, the main respiratory organs, lungs, playmore difficult role. It is here that the exchange between blood and air takes place and vice versa. Respiratory organs and gas exchange, their main function, are closely related. The lungs are adapted for this task structurally.
Many of us in childhood were forced to breathe onlynose. Why is this so important? On the way through the nasal cavity, the air becomes more humid, otherwise dry air could injure the lungs (remember your feelings after running too intensively for medium duration when you have to breathe through your mouth). In addition, dust is retained in the nasal cavity, otherwise even in young people the lungs become similar to a dust collector. Therefore, those who breathe through their mouth constantly get sick more often and cough even against the background of health.
The nasal cavity is divided by a septum into two parts,behind it it is reported by special openings with nasopharynx. The nose contains olfactory organs, as well as organs that perceive pheromones - substances that make us attractive to the opposite sex. So respiratory organs and gas exchange provide, and contain components of other systems.
Из носоглотки через рот воздух попадает в larynx, for which he needs to go through the throat. In the throat - a kind of crossroads of the respiratory and digestive systems. There is a faithful guardian - the epiglottis, which does not allow food and fluids to get into the respiratory tract. Slightly below are the vocal cords - special elastic fibers that emit sound in the same way as a violin.
The larynx reaches the bottom of the neck where it beginsThe next stage on the air path is the trachea. Interestingly, until the age of 16, the trachea consists of cartilage, but later it ossifies. Although this organ is very flexible, its length and diameter change in the process of breathing. At the end of the trachea divides into two bronchus. They branch and enter the lungs, and the places of these occurrences are not visible from the outside.
The lungs are not completely where we are.accustomed to suspect their presence - in the chest, they are also issued a few centimeters above the collarbone. Their shell is divided into two parts, between which there is a lubricant, so the lungs can very strongly and without friction (normally) change their shape.
The bronchi branch up to the bronchioles, and then pass into small vesicles - the alveoli.
With a quiet breath, only 70 percent of the aircomes to the lungs. Due to the difference in pressure, oxygen passes into the blood of the captive alveoli, and carbon dioxide, by contrast, leaves the capillaries in the alveoli and is expelled.
It is extremely important that you have healthyrespiratory system. And gas exchange will then be great. This will give a high performance and good mood. Take care of your lungs since childhood. After all, they do hard work for us every day and enable the cells of the whole organism to receive the oxygen necessary for life.
