This is an almost forgotten phrase now again on hearing. Many people are interested in this name, ask about who came up with the light bulb Ilyich? Let's try to figure it out.
About incandescent bulbs
Remember the children's puzzle about the pear, which is impossibleto eat? So this is about her, about an ordinary incandescent lamp, which is often called in honor of V.I. Lenin. Who invented the light bulb Ilyich? Well, certainly not the leader of the world proletariat! Although incandescent lamps are nearly one and a half hundred years old, it’s not so easy to answer the question about their inventor.
The principle of the incandescent lamp is as follows.There is a glass flask, in it - a wire emitter (usually a tungsten wire). The wire is current, it is heated, the electrical energy is converted into light. Let there be light!
Work on the creation of such a device from the middle19th century were conducted throughout the world, including in Russia. Scientists of many countries, experimenting with the materials and forms of the spiral, created lamps in varying degrees close to that which is well known to the modern consumer. In this case, inventions were usually patented, and probably the authors of similar patents with a dozen. Who is the real author? In the west, the American Edison is often called the inventor of the incandescent lamp. In Russia, the names of Lodygina and Yablochkov are remembered, considering them the authors of such an important invention for everyone. By the way, they talked about Lodygin not so long ago: they preferred not to recall this name in the USSR. Indeed, the most talented electrical engineer did not accept the revolution of 1917, emigrated to the United States, where he died in 1923. But what does Lenin have to do with all these learned bikes?
About the village of Kashino
This name is rather pathetic,propaganda - Illich lamp. Photos still preserved in the old archives help to recreate the typical village atmosphere of the 1920s. A deaf Russian village, dirt, darkness, backwardness - and suddenly a light comes on in the huts. Nothing that a lamp without a lampshade hangs down miserably from the ceiling and barely smolders. All the same, it is a great blessing, it is a hope for progress, for the best. How not to perpetuate the name of the one to whom the people are obliged to join civilization?
Mention of the personality of Lenin in the titlelighting device emerged after the chief's trip to the village of Kashino in 1920 at the opening of the local power plant. The villagers, previously inspired by his fiery speech at the Komsomol convention, decided to electrify the village with their own funds. No sooner said than done! With the help of unused telegraph wires and a dynamo brought from Moscow, the local power grid was built by the residents themselves.
And then the arrival of the leader in Kashino, his conversations withpeasants, speech at the rally was widely reported in the Soviet press. Passed a large propaganda company. The term “light bulb of Ilyich” was firmly established in the lexicon of the Soviet man.
What is GOELRO?
In the first post-revolutionary years, electricThe topic was probably the highest priority. At the beginning of 1920 a state commission on electrification of Russia - GOELRO - was created, called to deal with the problem. Later, they talked about the GOELRO plan, which provided for not only the electrification of the country, but also the development of its economy as a whole. The Ilyich lamp is a symbol of this plan.
In the history of both the idea itself and its implementationa lot of white spots. According to some information, plans for large-scale electrification of the country were considered as early as tsarist times, and only the large expenses and difficulties of the First World War (1914-1918) did not allow them to come to grips with their implementation. The country was only able to start solving the problem since December 1920, after the 9th All-Russian Congress of Soviets approved the GOELRO plan.
Plans and realities
The plan adopted at the congress was not provided for.only electrification, but also the arrangement of Russia as a whole. The words of the leader served as the motto: "Communism is Soviet power plus electrification of the whole country." For all the utopianism of his communist ideas, Lenin perfectly understood the importance of energy for state development.
The ambitious Bolshevik plan was successful.completed and exceeded. New factories were laid, industrial territories were mastered (Donbass, Kuzbass), and, of course, a number of new power plants were built, which made it possible to create a kind of energy frame for the USSR. The development of transport and communications received a powerful impetus; large-scale construction projects arose in a number of regions of the country. It is believed that it was the GOELRO plan that formed the basis of industrialization, which made it possible to lead the country to a fundamentally different level of development. Nevertheless, even in the 80s of the last century there were quite a few settlements in the USSR, where the “light bulb of Ilyich” was still just a dream.
Conclusion
The “revolutionary” name of an ordinary lamp is already longthe years were not relevant, but recently sounded again. The reason - the emergence of a new generation of lighting. Halogen, fluorescent, energy-saving, LED - what kind of lamps you will not find on sale now! In order not to get lost in this abundance, the appropriate terminology is important. “Illich's lamp” is a good old, familiar to us all lamp. Correct, of course, to say it differently: incandescent lamp. Only boring it. And why ignore the names that are popular for more than one decade?
