Лошадь – животное, относящееся к отряду equine. There was once a large group of animals that made up a limited family of one-animal, but now it has very few representatives.
Origin
The most distant ancestor of an ordinary domestic horseand other ungulates, paleotherium can be recognized (its value is from pig to rhinoceros) - an extinct animal from the order of ungulates of the Tertiary period. His ancient remains were studied and described by the famous French zoologist Cuvier.
The very first information about the horse is present in the holy book of the ancient Iranians (Persians) - in the Zend-Avesta. It turns out that these peoples already had tamed horses.
It is known that about 4000 years before the birth of Christ in India also lived such animals.
The Chinese, separated before the historic floodfrom their ancestors, they also owned these animals, as evidenced by the ancient hieroglyphs found. It also traced the existence of horses in those times in Egypt.
Mostly in those days was used as a harness horse. The maximum speed of these animals today is much greater than that, and the species and purpose were different.
Breeds and types
Not comparable in beauty and staty with any animal horse. The maximum speed of this animal depends more on its breed and origin.
In terms of their body structure (exterior), horses are divided by purpose into the following types:
• horse;
• harness;
• upstream;
• pack.
And riding, in turn, are divided into heavy and light types.
By origin horses are:
• cultural;
• Aboriginal (local);
• transient.
• herd;
• herd culture;
• factory.
Maximum speed of the horse, depending on the way of running
Due to the fact that these animals were used inmainly for transport purposes, horse breeding has set itself a higher priority task - the creation of new, more high-speed breeds of horses. Thus, for example, appeared horse breed of pure English blood.
There is a direct connection between the suit of the horse, hisspeed and naturally temperament. For example, red horses always personify fire. It is believed that the fastest horses - red. Blacks are very hot, but angry and rather slow, whites are gentle, and bears are very capable, hardworking and courageous. In Russia, the cavalry often used the fastest and most fervent - red breeds.
Galloping pitch is considered traditional, usual for this animal. In this case, the maximum speed of the horse (km / h) is 15-20.
And also the gallop is divided into manege (300 m / min.), Shortened (speed - up to 700 m / min.) And frisky (1000 meters or more per minute) according to the nature of movement and speed.
If you need to go a long distance, the horse can run at a speed of up to 60 km per hour.
Record holders
What is the maximum speed of a horse? This can be learned by examining statistics records.
Мировой рекорд установил чистокровный жеребец по Nicknamed Beach Rakit (1945). Then in Mexico City at a distance of 400 meters this beautiful horse could reach a speed of 69.69 km / h. The record of the absolute champion in speed Beach Rakita was repeated (but not beaten) by stallion Onion Rolle only in September 1993.
Today is the most striking example of fast running -69.3 km / h This speed was developed by running more than 800 meters, Siglevi Slave I, the horse. True, he ran without a rider, but this is also considered to be a rather high indicator.
And what speed can a horse have with a rider? The maximum speed belongs to the frisky stallion John Henry, who developed more than 60 kilometers per hour at a distance of 2.4 km.
There are also world records for trotters at a distance of 1600 meters: among stallions (1 minute 51 seconds) belongs to Pie Chip, and among mares (1 minute 51.8 seconds) - Bittze Wil.
