The main exporter of natural gas isThe territory of Ukraine is Russia. The Russian gas supply company is Gazprom, the purchaser is Naftogaz. The current contract between these companies was concluded in 2009 for a period of 10 years.
History of the 2009 gas contract between the Russian Federation and Ukraine
In January 2009, a new gas crisis emergedrelations between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Gazprom suspends the supply of gas to Naftagaz, as the new contract between the countries has not been signed. In mid-January, Russia was forced to stop the supply of transit gas through the territory of Ukraine to European countries, as Ukraine began to illegally pump it out for its own needs. Many European countries faced problems in providing industrial and domestic enterprises with natural gas.
January 19, 2009 was able to resolveconflict in the field of gas relations between the countries, an agreement was signed on the supply of gas to the territory of Ukraine. It was spelled out a specific form of calculating the price of gas, which was equal to the prices for the Italian market.
When the contract was signed, oil prices on the world market were about $ 45 per barrel, but by the end of 2009, prices had risen to $ 75. As a result, the price of gas for Kiev has risen.
History of gas relations between the countries in 2015
On July 1, 2015, a new round of gas tension between countries emerged. Ukraine refuses to purchase gas from Russia, as it is not satisfied with the purchase price of $ 247 per 1 thousand m3.
In late September, negotiations were held betweenMinisters of Energy of the two countries with the participation of Maros Shefchovich, Vice President of the European Commission. As a result of these negotiations, agreements were reached on the conditions for exporting Russian gas to Ukraine and the price for fuel, which in 2015 amounted to $ 232 per 1000 m3.
On October 12, Gazprom restored the gas supply to Ukraine, having received an advance payment of $ 234 million.
But on November 25, Russia suspends gas supplies to Ukraine, without having received an advance payment from Kiev. Ukraine considers the price offered by Russia at $ 212 per 1000 m3 how heavily overpriced and does not translate prepayment for fuel.
The change in the volume of natural gas exports by years from Russia to Ukraine
In 2000, gas supplies to Ukraine from Russia amounted to 27 billion m3, in 2006 volumes increase to 55 billion m3in 2007 - 54 billion m3in 2008 - 47 billion m3, in 2009 - 38 billion m3, in 2010 - 37 billion m3in 2011 - 40 billion m3, in 2012 - 33 billion m3, in 2013 - 26 billion m3.
Prices for gas supplied from Russia to Ukraine (price per 1 thousand m3)
From 2006 to 2013, the price of gas suppliedfor Ukraine, gradually grew. This is due to rising prices in the global energy market. Thus, the price of gas in 2006 was $ 95, in 2007 it reached $ 130, 2008 - $ 179.5, 2009 - $ 259, 2010 - $ 260.7, 2011 - $ 309, 2012 - $ 426, 2013 - $ 413.5.
Due to the high price of gas, the Ukrainian government is trying to reduce its consumption. So, in 2012, Ukraine bought 33 billion m3, in 2013 - 26 billion m3, and according to the contract was supposed to buy 52 billion m3 fuel per year.
In early 2014, Ukraine receives a discount, the price was $ 268, $ 5 per thousand meters3.
Tariffs for gas for the population of Ukraine in 2015
In 2015, Ukraine and the IMF signeda memorandum on the issuance of loans to Ukraine, according to which conditions were set on raising utility tariffs for the population. The Government of Ukraine has drawn up a phased plan for raising prices.
The first stage began to be implemented from April 1, 2015, 2 types of gas prices for the population were introduced:
- Preferential - operated during the heating season and with a consumption volume of less than 200 m3 per month, was 3600 UAH per 1000 m3.
- Market - operated with gas consumption over 200 m3 and was 7188 UAH per 1000 m3.
During this period, gas tariffs corresponded to 50% of its market value. The next stage of price increase was to bring fuel tariffs to a level of 75% of the market price.
Hold gas tariffs for the population of Ukraine onthe previous level was impossible. They did not cover the costs of fuel supply companies. The discrepancy between market prices and funds received for providing natural gas to the population led to the bankruptcy of enterprises.
According to the agreements with the Navy, the price of gas for consumers should correspond to the market price, and from May 2016 the next stage of tariff reform began:
- The preferential prices for the population that operated during the heating season have been canceled.
- For consumers and businesses equal prices. The fare amounted to 6879 UAH per 1000 m3.
- 1200 m consumption limit3 used in the heating period. When the consumption volume was exceeded, the gas price was 100% of the market value.
Tariffs for gas for Ukrainians in 2017
The company "Naftogaz" proposed to introduce a tariff of 7604 UAH per 1000 m3, including VAT and shipping costs.But at present this initiative is not approved, and the price of fuel remains the same. In 2017, the gas tariff for all consumers is UAH 6879 per 1000 meters3.
