If you choose the tallest tree on the planet, thenpalm will certainly get redwood. It refers to conifers, sometimes it is also called "mahogany" by the rich color of the trunk. The height of the redwood evergreen has always interested naturalists, because these trees on the planet are many, and finding the very thing was a matter of honor for researchers.
Indian tree?
Although this tree grows on our planetfor a long time, its name, which we use today, it received only at the beginning of the 19th century. It is believed that the etymology of this word is derived from the Sequoyah or Sequoia. That was the name of the Indian chief of the Cherokee tribe who invented the syllable alphabet for this nation.
Be that as it may, today this giant tree causes everyone who has seen it live, thrill and delight, and the height of the redwood tree is evergreen even recorded in the Guinness Book of Records.
Вдоль побережья Тихого океана, в штатах California and Washington, as well as in the south of the Canadian state, the British province is most often found in sequoia, where it has been growing for many, many years. Researchers found the remains of this tree in ancient rocks that were formed in the Jurassic period. And this is nothing less than 208 million years BC. It is believed that this tree came to us unchanged, just as it was millions of years ago. Therefore, it belongs to the relict rocks.
To our times, unfortunately, only two have reachedThe species is an evergreen sequoia and a giant sequoia. In the people they are also called Red and Mammoth tree. And earlier, as the researchers assert, there were much more species, and they grew all over the globe.
Thick and soft bark
Of course, the height of the redwood evergreen causesgreat interest. But no less curious to learn more about some of the features of this giant. The bark of this tree is very thick, up to 30 centimeters. But despite this, it is quite soft, has a fibrous structure and is relatively easy to separate from the trunk. True, after lying for some time in the air, the bark acquires a brownish hue. It is because of this redwood is also called mahogany. Although the bark is soft, the trunk itself is very strong and dense.
What is sequoia tree visually?This is a huge wide trunk, a dense crown of conical shape, and the branches grow either completely horizontally or fall down a little, like paws in spruce. Beautiful dark green leaves reach a length of 15-25 centimeters.
How to reproduce?
Evergreen Sequoia, the lump of which reaches15-22 centimeters in length, gives fertilized fruits every year. At the end of winter, pollination of seeds occurs, and then they mature for about 9 months. In each fruit there are 3-7 seeds about 3-4 millimeters in size. When the bump dries up, the scales begin to open, and the seeds fall to the ground. If it falls into a favorable environment, new trees can grow from them. True, the chance for a new life is very insignificant. The fact is that the crown of a large tree so tightly covers the sun's rays, that young sprouts often die from a lack of good light.
So although the fruits of this tree every year quite a lot, most of them die and do not give offspring. Natural selection.
Fine wood
In America, Sequoia (where the bulk growsThis giant tree) is very successfully used for industrial purposes. After all, its wood is not enough that it is almost not subject to rotting, it also has excellent fire-fighting qualities. It does not start bugs and parasites, it has a very elegant look after processing. Therefore, the sequoia was massively used for human needs, which, of course, led to a significant reduction in habitat. Today this tree is under the protection of a person; its mass cutting and the use of wood in production are prohibited.
112.83 meters
What is the tallest redwood tree in the world?This question did not give peace to scientists for a long time, and after years of measurements and research, they finally found the largest giant. It turned out to be the Stratospheric Giant, which is now growing in the Humboldt Redwoods National Park. This sequoia rose in height exactly 112 meters 83 centimeters. True, the last time it was measured more than ten years ago, in 2004. So surely it had time to grow.
Until then, the maximum height of the redwood is evergreen.there was a tree called Giant Dayrville, which also grew in Humboldt Redwoods. In 1991, after the bad weather, it fell, and when the distance from the base to the top was measured, the figure was: 113 meters 40 centimeters. Age of the Giant Dayervil identified in 1600 years.
But they say that in modern history there was a treemore higher! And they cut it down in 1812. His altitude record is 115 meters 80 centimeters. Biologists believe that the maximum growth of sequoias can not exceed 130 meters, because the forces of gravity will not allow the juices to rise higher. However, so far no one has found trees of such size.
How many giants are on Earth?
And yet every traveler who has been tothe shade of this tree fascinates with its singularity and with some ancient statics an evergreen sequoia (height). Photos against these giants are so fond of all travelers. Pictures of tourists are especially popular when they are trying to grasp the trunk of a relic tree with a whole group, but sometimes they lack hands. Yes, such a huge growth requires a solid foundation. The trunk in diameter of some trees reaches several meters. The largest sequoia reached 7 meters at the base in diameter.
This real giant on our planet.Today, there are about 15 trees on Earth, whose height reaches over 110 meters. Also, scientists counted 47 redwoods, which stretched more than 105 meters.
Is sequoia growing in Russia?
Basically this giant tree is found inAmerica on the Pacific coast. Sometimes they grow near the coast, but mostly located within 30-750 meters above sea level. This tree likes good humidity, so in dry places it is doomed to death. Some seeds successfully climbed even higher, gave their shoots and the trees settled down well there. In any case, there are redwoods that grow well at an altitude of 920 meters from sea level.
This unique giant is very beautiful andfascinates with its size. Therefore, many national nature reserves in Europe successfully planted this tree, which, with proper care, reaches relatively large sizes in the middle lane.
В России секвойю можно встретить в Крыму и Transcaucasia. The warm climate of these areas allows relict trees to grow to a very decent size. Of course, these redwoods are relatively young, they are no more than 200-250 years old. But then there is a chance that if the climate does not change, they will have to grow for many, many centuries to the joy of those around them.
