Antifreeze is the most famousDomestic antifreeze for car cooling systems. When choosing this substance, it is necessary to evaluate a number of its parameters. First and foremost is the quality of the product presented on sale. From this will depend on the correct operation of the systems of the car, their durability.
Antifreeze density is one of the most importantcharacteristics, which allows the customer to evaluate the performance. Indeed, the compliance of antifreeze with modern requirements is a guarantee of proper operation of all mechanisms.
General characteristics and composition
To understand how to measure the density of antifreeze andantifreeze, it is necessary to understand their characteristics and definition. Submitted substance is needed to cool the motor in the summer and protect it from mechanical damage in the winter.
В основе названия антифриза лежит аббревиатура.TOC - technology of organic synthesis. The last two letters of the name denote the substance belonging to the group of alcohols, which, as is known, end in “ol”.
The basis of the antifreeze is glycol ether.Contains about 10 different additives. Thanks to this, the antifreeze is not affected by frost or heat, it does not boil or foam. Special additives eliminate the effects on materials of mechanisms, so that they become not susceptible to corrosion. Antifreeze can be stored and maintained for a long time also due to its special composition.
What characterizes density?
Antifreeze Density может многое рассказать о состоянии этого substances during operation. Therefore, it is required to regularly check it. This indicator is influenced by several major factors. The first is the composition and formulation of the production of antifreeze. Each manufacturer applies a certain technology in the manufacture of its refrigerant.
The second important factor is the numberand a set of additives. These components improve the performance of antifreeze and additionally protect systems and mechanisms from premature wear. In the production process, technologists apply a specific set of these additional components. They are well balanced. Some of them are incompatible and depend on equipment operating conditions.
The last important factor that affectsthe density of antifreeze is the amount of monoethylene glycol in it. All these features affect the heat capacity and thermal conductivity. If the density of antifreeze changes, it can lead to dire consequences.
How to measure the density yourself?
Considering how to check the density of antifreeze,should pay attention to the most simple ways. Special equipment helps to make measurements for any liquid. This device is called a hydrometer. It is easy to use. In this case, only a few simple actions are performed.
Initially, open the hood lid.Next, you should find an expansion tank, in which there is antifreeze. Its lid opens. Hydrometer takes the required amount of antifreeze. To do this, pipette is immersed in the refrigerant and the substance is collected in the flask. The float must be freely balanced.
On the scale of the hydrometer must measureantifreeze concentrations. Next, the result is compared with the nominal value specified by the manufacturer. In some cases, the density may be lower or higher than stated. The amount of water in the solution can also affect this.
Measurement result
Now you know how to check the density of the antifreeze with a hydrometer, now you need to understand the result.
If the density of the substance in the measurement is underestimated, this means that a large amount of water enters into the composition of antifreeze. The range of operating temperatures in this antifreeze is narrowed. This is a negative trend.
Increased concentration indicates a decrease inproperties of cooling and lubrication mechanisms. Because of this, they wear out quickly. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the nominal density stated on the package with the readings of the hydrometer. If necessary, it is adjusted.
Regulatory value
One of the most popular types presentedsubstance is antifreeze grade A-40 or A-40M. This refrigerant is used in a relatively warm climate, where the temperature in winter does not fall below -38 ° C. Among motorists in our country, it is widely believed that the density of antifreeze A-40 is 1.075 g / cm ³. In this case, about 44% of water and 56% of ethylene glycol (or higher) are present in the mixture.
Density depends on temperature, withwhich was measured. Standards set the permissible rate of this value at the level of 1,065-1,085 g / cm ³. At the same time, the ambient temperature should be at the level of + 20 ° С.
Если полученное в ходе замеров число не corresponds to this indicator, it can be leveled. To do this, a little old antifreeze is poured off and is added to the total mixture either water or antifreeze concentrate.
Lifetime
Knowing what antifreeze density is at the momentaffects the car’s systems, as well as the standard value of this indicator, it is possible to avoid premature repairs or damage to the car. Over time, antifreeze is aging. Its service life depends on the quality of the antifreeze itself and the mileage of the car.
If the density of the mixture is low, in solutionthere is a large amount of water. It impairs the effect of additives and provokes the formation of corrosion. This leads to the rapid destruction of the surfaces of the mechanisms. At the same time the liquid gets a rusty shade. Regardless of the service life of such a substance, it should immediately be replaced with a new antifreeze.
How to change the antifreeze
If you measured the antifreeze density, rate itvisual characteristics and established the need to replace this substance, it is necessary to carry out a special procedure. The engine is heated for 5 minutes. The heater tap in the cabin must be open. After the motor stops, the old antifreeze is drained, and clean water is poured instead. You can use a special tool for washing. It is used in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Through the drain plug, which is located in the radiator, water is removed from the system. Washing is done until the liquid is clear. After that, you can pour a new antifreeze.
Having studied what is nantifreeze lotYou can understand the importance of its measurement. This indicator will assess the correct operation of the entire system and prevent its breakdown.
