Max Scheler was born and lived in an era of turbulentsocial changes in the world that spilled over into revolution and war. His worldview was influenced by the teachings of many German thinkers, with whose ideas he became acquainted as a student. He himself became famous in connection with his philosophical anthropology, which he considered in the last years of his life.
The article provides information about the biography of the philosopher, his personal life, creative ways and philosophical quest.
short biography
German philosopher Max Scheler was born on August 22, 1874 in Munich. His mother, Sophia, was an adherent of Orthodox Judaism. Father, Gottlieb - Protestant.
At twenty years old, young Max graduated from high school and began his further education at various universities in the country:
- study of medicine, philosophy, psychology in Munich;
- the sociology and philosophy of Simmel and Dilthey in Berlin;
- the philosophy of Auken and Liebman;
- the national economy of Pierstof;
- Regel geography;
- defends his dissertation under the leadership of Aiken;
- He is an intern at the University of Heidelberg;
- begins to work at the University of Jena.
In September 1899, he changed his religion by adopting Catholicism. In 1902, he met Husserl.
The philosopher studied at various universities in the country.The same was with his work. At various times he taught at the universities of Munich, Göttingen, Cologne, Frankfurt. He was promoted to the position of professor. During this time he wrote and published many of his scientific works.
Death overtook him in Frankfurt on May 19, 1928. They buried the body at Cologne's South Cemetery.
Personal life
During his life, Scheler was officially married three times.His first wife was Amelia Ottilia, whom he married in 1899. From their marriage, the boy Wolfgang was born in 1906. After thirteen years of life, Max Scheler divorces and marries Maria Furtwangler.
В 1920 году происходит его встреча с Марией Шеей, but with his second wife he will divorce only in 1923. The following year, he will legalize his relationship with his mistress, who a week after his death will give birth to a son, Max Georg. She will also edit and publish the collected works of the German thinker after his death.
Creative stages
The researchers of the philosopher’s creative path,two main stages. In the first one, Max Scheler explores issues that relate to ethics, feelings, and religion. This period lasted until about 1922. At that time he was in close contact with Husserl.
The second stage lasted until the death of the scientist, he was devoted to the interpretation of the Divine as incomplete, as something that goes the way of becoming together with the cosmos and human history.
The questions that the philosopher covered in his work can be found by studying his works. Their translation from German into Russian will help in this Russian-speaking population.
Key work
One of the most famous works of Scheler ishis certain answer to Heidegger “The position of man in space”. In it, he stressed the need for the formation of philosophical anthropology, which would become the fundamental science of human nature.
For the first time, he will introduce those thoughts in 1927 in the “School of Wisdom” of those present with the help of the report “The Special Situation of Man”, which will later be finalized and renamed.
In the work, which has its translation from German into Russian, the author sees man as a part of nature. The book refers to the final period of creativity of the thinker.
Philosophical Anthropology
Max Scheler was most worried about the essenceperson He sought to answer the question: what is man? The Thinker realized that it was rather difficult to find an answer, because a person is too wide and diverse to find a definition for him.
His idea was formed in times of turbulence.social upheaval when the world shuddered from bloody wars. And the German nation was, like no other, involved in these events. Scheler Max, whose books are known all over the world, set himself the task of developing a teaching that could solve acute national problems. He sought to find a way out for his people.
An important feature of his anthropology was the assertioncertain discord in the inner world of people. The philosopher decided from the two types of cultures that existed in Western European anthropology, to choose a sense of shame, not guilt. At the same time, he believed that modern developed society requires great sacrifices from the natural needs of people. He called this phenomenon excessive intelligence.
In his opinion, a person should understand andbe aware of their inconsistency in the system of being. He must fulfill his role in this unified system with great responsibility. One of the main issues of modern society, he considered the responsibility of each person for the existence of human civilization.
