Anyone deciding to master the basicsthe process of creating computer programs, wonders which of the most popular programming languages today, and which ones are best to learn. And if the first question is very easy to answer, then the second one will have to find the answer for the student himself, based on his plans and needs.
Let's take a quick look at the most popular programming languages so that you can choose the one that most attracts you and start studying it.
What is a programming language?
Before you understand the main programming languages and describe them, you need to disassemble the concept itself.
A programming language is a formal sign.a system that is used to write computer programs. Like any other language, it has its own lexical, semantic and syntactic rules.
There are low and high programming languages. Today they use mainly the second.
High and low level programming languages
Low-level programming language hasstructure close to the structure of the machine code. In this case, commands are denoted not with the help of zeros and ones, but with the help of mnemonic notation. The most famous low programming language is assembly language.
Working with any language requires highqualifications, understanding the structure of the microprocessor, in addition, writing programs takes considerable time. In this case, with the help of low you can create small, but at the same time effective programs. Novice programmers are not recommended to begin their acquaintance with them.
High Level Programming Languagescharacterized by the presence of semantic structures for the description of operations. Their study takes a lot of time, and the application in practice requires the care and understanding of the basic structures and rules of syntax and vocabulary. But at the same time, knowledge of high-level languages allows you to create large, colorful, multi-functional projects in record time.
Pascal, Java, C, C ++, C #, Delphi and many others are high level. They are used to write software and application programs.
Most popular programming languages
What are the most popular programming languages today?
В последние годы наиболее популярными и Java, C, C ++, Python, C # are considered to be in demand, which are included in the tops of programming languages. They are the basis of modern programs and are used when writing any major project. Over 70% of programmers work with these languages. It is predicted that in the next 10 years they will still be in demand, as they are today.
Not less popular are Ruby, PHP, JavaScript. Most professionals focus on them.
In general, regardless of popularity, anymore or less self-respecting specialist must know at least a few languages at different levels. This is due to the fact that most large projects are developed in different languages. For example, some modules are written using C, others are developed in Java, and others are written in Delphi.
C, C ++ and C #
First, consider the C family.
C is compiled and statically typed. It was developed in the 70s. On its basis, languages such as C ++ and C #, Java, were later created.
C ++ is a powerful language designed to create both low-level utilities and drivers, as well as very impressive applications and program complexes.
C # is a modern object-oriented language,which is based on C and C ++. It has a secure type system. One of its distinguishing features is that it is also very similar to another popular programming language, Java.
Один из недостатков языка заключается в том, что it allows you to create applications only for the Windows operating system, and in addition, it is very heavy, which means that the programs written on it take up a lot of space.
It may be noted that in many ways C, C ++ and C # are programming languages for beginners. Having mastered them, you can be sure that learning a new language will take a minimum of time.
You can get acquainted with them and write your first applications in a special Borland or Visual Studio environment.
Javascript
JavaScript is an object-oriented languageopportunities. Developed in 1996 and today is one of the most popular. The language is mainly used when creating scripts on the Internet and works in major browsers such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Opera. It is also closely related to HTML and CSS, so before you begin to study it, you need to learn the basics of these languages.
It is worth noting that, despite the similarity in the name, JavaScript and Java are two completely different languages.
This language is suitable for those who are focused oncreation of browsers and scripts, applications and additions to them. If you plan to create your own sites, you also need to get to know him better.
Java
Considering the most popular languagesprogramming, not to mention java. This is an objective-oriented programming language that has come into use since 1995. It is very easy and works on any Java machine of any architecture. It is used to develop applications for Android and iOS.
Python
Python is a high level programming languageThe main task of which is to increase developer productivity, to make the code more readable. It has a small list of syntactic structures and a very impressive standard library of functions. The development of the language began in the 90s and continues to this day. It is used to develop various projects, extensions and integration of previously developed applications.
The basics of Python can be learned as a start for programming, as well as a second additional language.
Ruby
Ruby is a high level programming languageenclosing parts of Perl, Smalltalk, Eiffel, Ada, and Lisp. Used since 1995. The main advantages of the language - its simplicity and flexibility. Suitable for writing small applications, and for developing serious programs.
PHP language
PHP - довольно популярный язык для написания scripts designed to create web applications. Quite often it is also added to the list of programming languages for beginners and recommended for study.
With it, you can create high-quality web applications in a very short time. The language has a simple and clear structure that allows you to study it in a matter of days.
Conclusion
We have reviewed the most popular languages.programming, the study of which will help you in the future to successfully create your projects and make money as a programmer. There is no consensus about which of the languages to study, but at the same time, experts note that it is desirable to know several programming languages, as this will further expand the field of activity and facilitate the work on various team projects.
