Increasingly, modern people return to their thoughtsphilosophers who lived many years before their birth. Thus, each person seeks answers to his questions, shares or denies the opinion of another, finds his way or loses it. Philosophy is a completely unpredictable science, to be explained in words that is completely impossible. Therefore, absolutely everyone can look at things from this point of view. Thus, one of the most outstanding German representatives of philosophy is rightly considered to be Immanuel Kant. His life was closely interwoven with two epochs: Enlightenment and Romanticism. Perhaps, thanks to this, his works are so interesting, and his thoughts are stunning, unexpected and ingenious.
The History of Immanuel Kant
The German philosopher was born in 1724.His family was not rich, but the boy was given a prestigious education in the elite gymnasium "Friedrichs-Collegium". In 1740, Kant entered the university, but he did not succeed in completing his studies. The cause of such a gloomy event was the death of Immanuel's father, after which the young man became the chief breadwinner of the whole family. Nevertheless, the German scientist found a way out of the predicament and began teaching at home. Thus, Kant worked for ten years, which were not in vain, because during this period he managed to defend his thesis, get a doctorate, develop and publish a cosmic hypothesis of the origin of the solar system, and also had the right to teach at the university. After experiencing many unpleasant events, to which the Seven Years War is attributed (1758-1762), Kant began a new stage in his work. It is called "critical".
Stages of creativity of the German philosopher
Let us dwell on the work of the outstandingphilosopher. Prior to writing the work Critique of Pure Reason, which can be read by anyone today, Immanuel Kant worked on cosmic hypotheses, advanced the idea of the origin of human races, proposed the genealogical classification of the animal world, studied the tides on the planet, their role and place in the life of the Earth. All these achievements today belong to the "subcritical" stage of creativity. All works after 1770 are devoted to the problems of epistemology, metaphysical problems of being, knowledge of man, state, morality and aesthetics.
"Critical" stage of Kant's creative work
Since 1770, the work of Immanuel Kantbegan to be called "critical." It was during this period that he wrote the best philosophical works, thanks to which he is today considered to be the great and outstanding thinker of the eighteenth century. Note that the works of the German scientist were so unique and truthful that they have some influence in our days. Most philosophers adhere to the work of Kant, fully relying on his thoughts and assumptions. The most popular works of Immanuel Kant are "Critique of Pure Reason", "Criticism of Practical Reason" and "Criticism of Judgment". They were described in the following order: epistemology, ethics, aesthetics.
Kant's Cruelty Regime
At a certain stage of life, health andThe philosopher's well-being deteriorated considerably. In order to continue to work and explore the world, himself, others, Kant has developed an individual hard mode. It is believed that thanks to him, Immanuel managed to live such a long life and die later than all his friends.
The main credo of the philosopher was to use hismind under any conditions. In his opinion, for this it was necessary to have real courage. Information from Kant's personal life can tell us that he was never married. This was due to the fact that in his youth he could not provide the chosen one (materially), and when this issue was solved, the philosopher no longer had the desire to marry. Perhaps, thanks to the seclusion of Immanuel Kant, he managed to write such amazing works, among which "Critique of Pure Reason" is a fundamental work.
Philosophical work of Kant
Считается, что у Иммануила Канта было всего три the main work that changed his life and the worldview of many people in the world. After 1770, the philosopher worked on his books, but only in 1781 he managed to publish the first of them.
"Critique of Pure Reason" is the basis of the followingtwo books. Perhaps some will seem completely different, but still their connection is inseparable. In this work Immanuel Kant describes the following: criticism is the key to researching one's own mind. Therefore, all people should not only adequately treat her, but also desire it. In this way man will unravel a part of his own mind. "Critique of Pure Reason" (Immanuel Kant) covers the issues of space, time, the ability to prove the existence of God with the help of thought activity, and so on.
Kant pondered his first work more than tenyears, so every word described in the work is weighed and has some sense that you need to read between the lines. Nevertheless, to write "Critique of Pure Reason", Immanuel took only a few months.
More details about the work
Probably, in order to understand what is at issue,it is necessary to characterize the work "Critique of Pure Reason" briefly. In this case, you can discuss some points of work. But still the effect will be only when a person reads everything in full, thinks over each sentence and imbues with the book. Then people will have questions, an idea of what the German philosopher wanted to convey to the surrounding people.
По-настоящему непредсказуемым человеком был Immanuel Kant. “Criticism of pure reason” proved it, because no one in the world has yet presented such an elaborate and perfect work written in a matter of days. So, the essence of work is the knowledge of the mind. One of the methods to accomplish this task is criticism. That is, under the psychological onslaught, our mind reacts strangely to what is happening. In order to know it, it is necessary to criticize for a start. Still, each person individually sees the relevance of the work.
The essence of Kant's work
After reading the work that I wroteKant ("Critique of Pure Reason"), most people do not create a completely understandable picture. All because the work consists of two parts: the transcendental doctrine of the principles and the method. Kant's work has the main theme, which consists in combining pieces of content that are on opposite sides of a certain limit. "Criticism of pure reason" and Kant - these concepts are inseparable. Therefore, people who communicated with the philosopher understood his manner of writing and his views. The usual reader may at first find it difficult to understand the essence of the work. To avoid this, it is enough only to carefully and without hurrying to read the work of the German philosopher.
In his work "Critique of Pure Reason" ImmanuelKant narrates about space and time, on categories of reason and its antinomies. He begins his work with an unusual classification of judgments. As a result, the reader gets acquainted with its three types: synthetic, analytical and a priori. Further on, the text is explained in great detail. For example, the essence of synthetic lies in its ability to analyze new knowledge. Analytical allows us to reveal the properties of a certain subject, and a priori does not need to verify its truth.
In addition, in the work "Critique of Pure Reason",a summary of which is simply impossible to present in the framework of a single article; a special kind of judgment is singled out, so to speak combined (for example, synthetic + a priori).
Table of contents
The work "Critique of Pure Reason" consists ofa few pieces, as mentioned above. Also in the work there is a preface and introduction. The first part - the transcendental doctrine of the beginnings - consists of two elements, such as aesthetics and logic. The first block talks about space and time. It also contains general comments and conclusions to the section. The second block is so extensive that it consists of several books: the analyst of concepts, basic principles, on the concepts of pure reason, on its dialectic conclusions and applications. The second part — the transcendental doctrine of the method — consists of an introduction and four chapters: discipline, canon, architectonics, and the history of pure reason.
Thus, labor is considered large enough.called “Criticism of the Pure Reason”, the analysis of which requires time and effort. But it would not hurt anyone to read the interesting work of a German philosopher of the eighteenth century, every word of which is not at all accidental.
Criticism
As with all popular works, to workImmanuel Kant was written criticism of "Critics of pure reason." It is directly related to the different views of philosophers and commentators, who provided conclusions, conclusions to the work of the scientist. Some believe that the analysis of the mind does not go deep enough that with this work it is possible to answer long-standing questions and studies. Thus, using the work of Kant, it is impossible to fully appreciate a priori synthetic knowledge.
Every knowledge begins with experience.
Immanuel Kant tried to convey to the reader thatit is impossible to know something without feeling or without trying it. So he came to the conclusion that any knowledge begins with experience. Thinking over all the details of his work (he probably would have liked the criticism of the Critique of the Pure Reason), he tried to help all people to get that meager experience that would allow a person to know his mind. Of course, not completely, but only a part of it, but it would be a step on a long and difficult path. See for yourself by reading the greatest creation of Kant.
