Noise - a set of uncomfortable and uselesssounds of different frequency and intensity, perceived by the human hearing organs and causing unpleasant subjective sensations. The nature of the noise depends on the source and is mechanical, aerodynamic, electromagnetic, hydrodynamic.
Today, protection from noise is very relevant: the production is oversaturated with equipment, the streets are crowded with transport, repair and squabbling among neighbors is not uncommon.
And it harms the economy.So, people of mental work at a noise of 70 dB make twice as many mistakes as in silence. At the same time, the capacity for work is reduced by about 60%, while for those engaged in manual labor - by 30%. Noises of increased intensity distort the sound information and disturb the auditory activity of a person, adversely affect the nerves, contribute to the accumulation of fatigue and reduce efficiency. Under the influence of noise, blood circulation disorders occur due to narrowing of the capillaries, blood pressure rises, and the resistance of the organism decreases.
SNiP "Protection against noise" obliges to provide for noise protection measures:
- at workplaces of enterprises;
- in public and residential buildings;
- on the territory of residential buildings.
Today, to protect residential areas fromurban noise used enclosing structures and special engineering solutions. It can be acoustic screens along the railway and highway, and "screen houses" built between the road and residential buildings. Good protection - deepening of the streets and greening slopes. Industrial enterprises are taken out of the city, and some works (repair of roads and communications, construction) are prohibited at night.
The best protection against noise - massive walls and denseoverlapping your apartment, but it is difficult and inefficient. It is more reasonable to perform sound insulation from a porous material with a fibrous structure, especially at joints of bearing structures. That is, sound insulation begins with the design of the house.
To be protected from street hum will help double-glazed windows,preferably two-, three-chamber. Technological cracks at the joints of windows and walls, must be sealed off at the window sills. Good protection against noise - roller blinds with high soundproof characteristics, glazed loggias and balconies. The threshold and gates of the entrance door must be sealed.
Some of the sounds are transmitted in the form of vibration on walls and ceilings. And this, as you know, is a very harmful factor that affects human health.
With such shock sounds, it is more difficult to fight.Partly, they can be neutralized with a cushion pad under the base of the floor, which dampens the vibration. Effectively silica supersil fiber (6 mm). If you protect them joints of load-bearing structures, you can reduce the noise level by 27 dBA.
Protection against noise and vibration is carried out withusing modern sound-absorbing and vibration-isolating structures and materials. It is good that at home the impact of vibration is insignificant and often short-lived. But the protection from vibration in the workplace is a much more complicated matter.
